Interacción de las bacterias promotoras de crecimiento y micorrizas arbusculares asociadas al patrón maxma 60: en enraizamiento y protección frente a estrés hídrico
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Date
2024
Journal Title
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El cambio climático es una importante amenaza para la agricultura, especialmente por los cambios en los patrones de precipitaciones y temperatura que intensifican el estrés hídrico en los cultivos. En este trabajo se estudiaron los efectos de la coinoculación con hongos micorrícicos arbusculares (HMA) y rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (PGPR) sobre la sobrevivencia de plantas, el crecimiento y la tolerancia al estrés hídrico del portainjerto micropropagado de cerezo Maxma 60 (Prunus mahaleb × Prunus avium). Los portainjertos se inocularon con Pseudomonas koreensis cepa AG-97, Pseudomonas putida cepa AG-30, Claroideoglomus claroideum, Pseudomonas koreensis cepa AG-97 + Claroideoglomus claroideum y Funneliformis mosseae durante la aclimatación, y después se sometieron a estrés hídrico. Los resultados mostraron que Ps. koreensis aumentó significativamente la supervivencia de las plantas y el peso seco de las hojas durante la aclimatación. Además, la inoculación con el hongo F. mosseae condujo a un mayor crecimiento de brotes y raíces en condiciones de buen riego, pero esto no se tradujo en una mejora del rendimiento en condiciones de sequía. Bajo déficit hídrico, los portainjertos inoculados con Ps. koreensis mantuvieron un mayor potencial hídrico del tallo y demostraron una mayor tolerancia al estrés hídrico en comparación con otros tratamientos. Además, la coinoculación de Ps. koreensis con C. claroideum dio lugar a una mayor conductancia estomática en condiciones de sequía, lo que indica un efecto sinérgico que podría beneficiar la resistencia de la planta durante la etapa de trasplante. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la inoculación microbiana, particularmente con la cepa AG-97 de Ps. koreensis, puede mejorar el establecimiento temprano y la tolerancia al estrés hídrico del portainjerto de Prunus, ofreciendo estrategias potenciales para mitigar los impactos del cambio climático en la producción de fruta. La investigación futura debe centrarse en los mecanismos subyacentes de la tolerancia al estrés inducida por PGPR y su aplicación en condiciones de campo.
Climate change poses a significant threat to agriculture, particularly through shifts in precipitation and temperature patterns that intensify water stress on crops. Here, we studied the effects of co-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the survival, growth, and water stress tolerance of the micropropagated cherry rootstock Maxma 60 (Prunus mahaleb × Prunus avium). Rootstocks were inoculated with Pseudomonas koreensis strain AG97, Pseudomonas putida strain AG-30, Claroideoglomus claroideum, Pseudomonas koreensis strain AG-97 + Claroideoglomus claroideum and Funneliformis mosseae during acclimatization, and then subjected to water stress. Results showed that Ps. koreensis significantly increased plant survival and leaf dry weight during acclimatization. Moreover, inoculation with the fungus F. mosseae led to enhanced shoot and root growth under well-watered conditions, but this did not translate to improved performance under drought conditions. Under water deficit, rootstocks inoculated with Ps. koreensis maintained higher stem water potential and demonstrated greater water stress tolerance compared to other treatments. Additionally, the coinoculation of Ps. koreensis with C. claroideum resulted in a higher stomatal conductance under drought conditions, indicating a synergistic effect that could benefit plant resilience during the transplanting stage. Our findings suggest that microbial inoculation, particularly with Ps. koreensis strain AG-97, can enhance the early establishment and water stress tolerance of Prunus rootstocks, offering potential strategies for mitigating the impacts of climate change on fruit production. Future research must be performed focused on the underlying mechanisms of PGPR-induced stress tolerance and their application in field conditions.
Climate change poses a significant threat to agriculture, particularly through shifts in precipitation and temperature patterns that intensify water stress on crops. Here, we studied the effects of co-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the survival, growth, and water stress tolerance of the micropropagated cherry rootstock Maxma 60 (Prunus mahaleb × Prunus avium). Rootstocks were inoculated with Pseudomonas koreensis strain AG97, Pseudomonas putida strain AG-30, Claroideoglomus claroideum, Pseudomonas koreensis strain AG-97 + Claroideoglomus claroideum and Funneliformis mosseae during acclimatization, and then subjected to water stress. Results showed that Ps. koreensis significantly increased plant survival and leaf dry weight during acclimatization. Moreover, inoculation with the fungus F. mosseae led to enhanced shoot and root growth under well-watered conditions, but this did not translate to improved performance under drought conditions. Under water deficit, rootstocks inoculated with Ps. koreensis maintained higher stem water potential and demonstrated greater water stress tolerance compared to other treatments. Additionally, the coinoculation of Ps. koreensis with C. claroideum resulted in a higher stomatal conductance under drought conditions, indicating a synergistic effect that could benefit plant resilience during the transplanting stage. Our findings suggest that microbial inoculation, particularly with Ps. koreensis strain AG-97, can enhance the early establishment and water stress tolerance of Prunus rootstocks, offering potential strategies for mitigating the impacts of climate change on fruit production. Future research must be performed focused on the underlying mechanisms of PGPR-induced stress tolerance and their application in field conditions.
Description
Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Ciencias de la Agronomía
Keywords
Estrés hídrico, Micorriza en agricultura, Pseudomonas