Actividad insecticida y repelente de los aceites esenciales de canela, limón y menta en adultos y larvas de Musca domestica L.
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Date
2024
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La mosca doméstica, Musca domestica L., es una plaga común en entornos domésticos, médicos y veterinarios. Los métodos tradicionales de control mediante insecticidas sintéticos han llevado a la resistencia y han causado daños al medio ambiente y a la salud humana. Por lo tanto, se requieren alternativas de control, y los aceites esenciales han demostrado actividad insecticida por contacto, fumigante y repelente. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar, en condiciones de laboratorio, la actividad por contacto, fumigante y repelente de los aceites esenciales de Citrus × limon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum y Mentha x piperita contra los adultos y larvas de moscas domésticas. Los componentes principales en cada aceite esencial fueron Limoneno (64.8%; C. limon), Cinamaldehído (76.1%; C. zeylanicum) y Mentona (74.92%; M. piperita). La mayor toxicidad por contacto fue lograda por C. zeylanicum y M. piperita, ambos con una CL50 = 1.5 µL ml⁻¹ de agua en larvas, y C. limon (LC50 = 2.5 µl ml⁻¹ de agua) en adultos. Sin embargo, los tratamientos no mostraron diferencias significativas entre ellos. En el bioensayo fumigante, C. zeylanicum en larvas (LC50 = 1.9 µl l⁻¹ de aire) y adultos (LC50 = 2.8 µl l⁻¹ de aire) fue el más tóxico, pero sin diferencias significativas con otros tratamientos. Todos los tratamientos mostraron repelencia, pero solo la concentración del 10% (v/v) alcanzó el 90% de insectos repelidos. Concluimos que C. limon, C. zeylanicum y M. piperita son insecticidas y repelentes efectivos para Musca domestica.
The house fly, Musca domestica L., is a common pest in domestic, medical, and veterinary settings. Traditional control methods using synthetic insecticides have led to resistance and harmed the environment and human health. Hence, control alternatives are required, and the essential oils have shown contact insecticidal, fumigant, and repellent activity. The objective of this research was to assess, under laboratory conditions, the contact, fumigant, and repellent activity of essential oils of Citrus × Limon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Mentha x piperita against adult and larvae of houseflies. The major components in each essential oil were Limonene (64.8%; C. limon), Cinnamaldehyde (76.1%; C. zeylanicum), and Menthone (74.92%; M. Piperita). The highest contact toxicity was achieved by C. zeylanicum and M. piperita, both with a CL50 = 1.5 µL ml-1 water in larvae and C. limon (LC50 = 2.5 µl ml-1 water) in adults. However, treatments have not exhibited significant differences among them. In fumigant bioassay, C. zeylanicum in larvae (LC50 = 1.9 µl l-1 air) and adults (LC50 = 2.8 µl l-1 air) was the most toxic but without significant difference with other treatments. All treatments showed repellency, but only the concentration of 10% (v/v) reached 90% of repelled insects. We concluded that C. limon, C. zeylanicum, and M. Piperita are effective insecticides and repellents for Musca domestica.
The house fly, Musca domestica L., is a common pest in domestic, medical, and veterinary settings. Traditional control methods using synthetic insecticides have led to resistance and harmed the environment and human health. Hence, control alternatives are required, and the essential oils have shown contact insecticidal, fumigant, and repellent activity. The objective of this research was to assess, under laboratory conditions, the contact, fumigant, and repellent activity of essential oils of Citrus × Limon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Mentha x piperita against adult and larvae of houseflies. The major components in each essential oil were Limonene (64.8%; C. limon), Cinnamaldehyde (76.1%; C. zeylanicum), and Menthone (74.92%; M. Piperita). The highest contact toxicity was achieved by C. zeylanicum and M. piperita, both with a CL50 = 1.5 µL ml-1 water in larvae and C. limon (LC50 = 2.5 µl ml-1 water) in adults. However, treatments have not exhibited significant differences among them. In fumigant bioassay, C. zeylanicum in larvae (LC50 = 1.9 µl l-1 air) and adults (LC50 = 2.8 µl l-1 air) was the most toxic but without significant difference with other treatments. All treatments showed repellency, but only the concentration of 10% (v/v) reached 90% of repelled insects. We concluded that C. limon, C. zeylanicum, and M. Piperita are effective insecticides and repellents for Musca domestica.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Ciencias Agronómicas
Keywords
Moscas - Chile, Aceites esenciales, Control de plagas