Evaluación del comportamiento de hormigones con adición de fibras recicladas de polipropileno para pavimentos permeables.
Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La expansión urbana ha llevado a la impermeabilización del suelo, incrementando la escorrentía superficial y las inundaciones, afectando tanto el ciclo hidrológico como la gestión de aguas urbanas. Este estudio aborda dicha problemática mediante la utilización de hormigones porosos con la incorporación estratégica de fibras recicladas de polipropileno, diseñados específicamente para pavimentos permeables. Una desventaja de estos hormigones es que la resistencia se ve disminuida debido a los huecos presentes en su estructura interna. En este contexto, se propone la introducción de fibras recicladas de polipropileno como una solución potencial. Al sustituir las fibras de plástico virgen por materiales reciclados, se busca no solo fortalecer las propiedades mecánicas del hormigón poroso, sino también abordar la problemática del exceso de plástico en el medio ambiente. La investigación se centra en evaluar el impacto de la adición de fibras de polipropileno provenientes de desechos, como mascarillas, maxisacos y tiras de embalaje, en las propiedades mecánicas e hidráulicas de los hormigones porosos. Se llevaron a cabo ensayos de compresión, flexotracción, abrasión y permeabilidad, junto con un análisis microestructural de mezclas patrones y con diferentes porcentajes de adición de fibras. Posteriormente, utilizando los porcentajes óptimos de adición de fibras obtenidos, se construyó una sección de pavimento. Los resultados indican que mezclas con un 0,05% de adición de diversas fibras recicladas son adecuadas para pavimentos permeables, aunque se observan diferencias en el comportamiento del hormigón poroso según el tipo de fibra. Mientras las fibras de mascarillas y tiras de embalaje mejoran las propiedades mecánicas, las de maxisacos muestran resistencias más bajas. La inclusión de fibras recicladas mejora las propiedades hidráulicas, demostrando su viabilidad y beneficios para pavimentos permeables.
Urban expansion has led to soil impermeabilization, increasing surface runoff and flooding, impacting both the hydrological cycle and urban water management. This study addresses this issue by using porous concretes with the strategic incorporation of recy cled polypropylene fibers, specifically designed for permeable pavements. A drawback of these concretes is that their strength is reduced due to voids in their internal structure. In this context, the introduction of recycled polypropylene fibers is propos ed as a potential solution. By substituting virgin plastic fibers with recycled materials, the aim is not only to strengthen the mechanical properties of porous concrete but also to address the issue of excess plastic in the environment. The research focuses on evaluating the impact of adding polypropylene fibers from waste materials, such as masks, big bags, and packaging strips, on the mechanical and hydraulic properties of porous concretes. Compression, flexural, abrasion, and permeabil ity tests were conducted, along with a microstructural analysis of standard mixtures with varying percentages of fiber addition. Subsequently, using the optimal fiber addition percentages obtained, a pavement section was constructed. The results indicate t hat mixtures with 0.05% addition of various recycled fibers are suitable for permeable pavements, although differences in the behavior of porous concrete are observed depending on the type of fiber. While mask and packaging strip fibers improve mechanical properties, big bag fibers show lower strengths. The inclusion of recycled fibers enhances hydraulic properties, demonstrating their feasibility and benefits for permeable pavements.
Urban expansion has led to soil impermeabilization, increasing surface runoff and flooding, impacting both the hydrological cycle and urban water management. This study addresses this issue by using porous concretes with the strategic incorporation of recy cled polypropylene fibers, specifically designed for permeable pavements. A drawback of these concretes is that their strength is reduced due to voids in their internal structure. In this context, the introduction of recycled polypropylene fibers is propos ed as a potential solution. By substituting virgin plastic fibers with recycled materials, the aim is not only to strengthen the mechanical properties of porous concrete but also to address the issue of excess plastic in the environment. The research focuses on evaluating the impact of adding polypropylene fibers from waste materials, such as masks, big bags, and packaging strips, on the mechanical and hydraulic properties of porous concretes. Compression, flexural, abrasion, and permeabil ity tests were conducted, along with a microstructural analysis of standard mixtures with varying percentages of fiber addition. Subsequently, using the optimal fiber addition percentages obtained, a pavement section was constructed. The results indicate t hat mixtures with 0.05% addition of various recycled fibers are suitable for permeable pavements, although differences in the behavior of porous concrete are observed depending on the type of fiber. While mask and packaging strip fibers improve mechanical properties, big bag fibers show lower strengths. The inclusion of recycled fibers enhances hydraulic properties, demonstrating their feasibility and benefits for permeable pavements.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Ciencias de la Ingeniería con mención en Ingeniería Civil
Keywords
Hormigón, Polipropileno, Pavimentos, Permeabilidad