Análisis de la incorporación de principios de justicia de transporte en la evaluación de proyectos ferroviarios en el contexto chileno.
Date
2024
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El creciente interés en la literatura sobre justicia y equidad en el transporte ha impulsado la necesidad de desarrollar metodologías específicas de evaluación. Este estudio tiene como objetivo proponer una metodología integral para evaluar los principios de justicia en proyectos de transporte, aplicándola a un caso de estudio ferroviario en Chile.
Tras caracterizar a la población de la Región Metropolitana en grupos según nivel de ingresos, medios de transporte disponibles y zona censal, y calcular indicadores de justicia de accesibilidad para distintos tipos de oportunidades en la región, el estudio concluye que los proyectos ferroviarios Santiago – Batuco y Santiago – Melipilla contribuyen a mejorar la justicia de transporte en la Región Metropolitana, otorgando beneficios de accesibilidad a quienes tienen más derecho a recibirlos. Son necesarios estudios adicionales para determinar valores críticos que debieran ser exigidos en caso de incorporar principios de justicia en el actual proceso de evaluación de proyectos de transporte en Chile.
Este trabajo representa una contribución a la literatura, siendo, hasta lo que se sabe, la primera experiencia documentada que intenta incorporar los principios de justicia desarrollados por Martens (2017) en el contexto de proyectos de transporte específicos. Se destaca la importancia de estandarizar procesos críticos, como la obtención de datos, la caracterización de grupos y oportunidades, y la determinación de umbrales de suficiencia adecuados.
La metodología propuesta avanza en la comprensión teórica de la justicia en el transporte y proporciona una herramienta práctica para evaluadores y planificadores. Al establecer procedimientos claros, este enfoque puede apoyar decisiones críticas en la planificación y ejecución de proyectos de transporte, promoviendo así un enfoque más equitativo y justo en el desarrollo de infraestructuras ferroviarias en Chile.
The growing interest in the literature to address justice and equity in transportation has spurred the need for specific evaluation methodologies. This study proposes a comprehensive methodology for incorporating justice principles in evaluating transportation projects applying it to a railway case study in Chile. The proposal seeks to measure the impact of the implementation of specific projects on regional transport justice. After characterizing the population of the Metropolitan Region into groups based on income level, available transportation modes, and census zone, and calculating accessibility justice indicators for different types of opportunities in the region, the study concludes that Santiago – Batuco and Santiago – Melipilla rail projects contribute to improving transportation justice in the Metropolitan Región by granting accessibility benefits to those who are most entitled to receive them. Additional studies are necessary to determine critical values that should be required in case of incorporating principles of justice in the current evaluation process of transportation projects in Chile. This work represents a contribution to the literature, being, as far as is known, the first documented experience attempting to incorporate justice principles developed by Martens (2017) in the context of specific transport projects. Standardizing critical processes, such as data acquisition, group, and opportunity characterization, and determining appropriate sufficiency thresholds is emphasized. The proposed methodology advances the theoretical understanding of justice in transportation and provides a practical tool for evaluators and planners. By establishing clear guidelines, this approach can inform critical decisions in the planning and execution of transportation projects, thus promoting a more equitable and just approach to the development of railway infrastructure in Chile.
The growing interest in the literature to address justice and equity in transportation has spurred the need for specific evaluation methodologies. This study proposes a comprehensive methodology for incorporating justice principles in evaluating transportation projects applying it to a railway case study in Chile. The proposal seeks to measure the impact of the implementation of specific projects on regional transport justice. After characterizing the population of the Metropolitan Region into groups based on income level, available transportation modes, and census zone, and calculating accessibility justice indicators for different types of opportunities in the region, the study concludes that Santiago – Batuco and Santiago – Melipilla rail projects contribute to improving transportation justice in the Metropolitan Región by granting accessibility benefits to those who are most entitled to receive them. Additional studies are necessary to determine critical values that should be required in case of incorporating principles of justice in the current evaluation process of transportation projects in Chile. This work represents a contribution to the literature, being, as far as is known, the first documented experience attempting to incorporate justice principles developed by Martens (2017) in the context of specific transport projects. Standardizing critical processes, such as data acquisition, group, and opportunity characterization, and determining appropriate sufficiency thresholds is emphasized. The proposed methodology advances the theoretical understanding of justice in transportation and provides a practical tool for evaluators and planners. By establishing clear guidelines, this approach can inform critical decisions in the planning and execution of transportation projects, thus promoting a more equitable and just approach to the development of railway infrastructure in Chile.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Ciencias de la Ingeniería con mención en Ingeniería Civil.
Keywords
Medios de transporte, Equidad, Accesibilidad