Browsing by Author "Parada Briones, Arturo Horacio"

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    Evaluación técnico-económica respecto de tecnologías de separación de residuos con foco en la implementación de la Ley REP.
    (Universidad de Concepción, 2025) Parada Briones, Arturo Horacio; Márquez Romegialli, Fernando; Carrasco Moraga, Juan Carlos
    It is estimated that 1,03 kg of waste per inhabitant are generated daily in Chile. Considering this situation, which has been increasing for years, Law 20.920 or the REP Law (Extended Producer Responsibility in spanish) was enacted and published in 2016. This law identifies priority products, including Tires, Packaging and Containers, Lubricating Oils, Electrical and Electronic Equipment, and Batteries, and sets management targets for their management, which presents an opportunity for new businesses. Based on this, this work aims to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of a priority waste separation plant for the Biobío region. Specifically, it studies the state of the art in material generation in the area and the applicable technologies for separation, proposing plant designs and ultimately examining their technical and economic feasibility. To achieve these objectives, a literature review was conducted to gather waste generation data, which was adjusted to the Biobío region. Reports, videos, and websites of separation plants and equipment manufacturers were analyzed to identify advanced applied technologies. Additionally, interviews were conducted regarding collection and recycling in the region to gain a deeper understanding of the current situation. Various plant designs were developed, and costs, revenues, cash flows, NPV (Net Present Value), and IRR (Internal Rate of Return) indicators were calculated, followed by a sensitivity analysis for four key variables. Finally, it was decided to focus on Packaging and Containers waste, considering the published decrees, the availability of technologies, and the quality of waste generation data. For this group, an estimated total of 95.782 tons of non-recoverable material is generated annually in the Biobío region. Based on this, a short-term case was developed with an annual flow of 9.084 tons, and long-term cases with flows of up to 103.488 tons annually. All designs were found to be feasible, with an IRR of 21% and an NPV of 876 thousand USD for a pessimistic short-term case, increasing to 67% and 20,6 million USD for other cases, proportional to plant scale. Additionally, complete processes offered by manufacturers were considered and were also feasible, although with high variability in the indicators. Lastly, it was identified that the most influential variables on the results are the selling price and equipment costs. In conclusion, the plant is feasible for simple designs but requires classified household collection to operate, which is the main challenge, along with financing and clarity on the amounts generated. Furthermore, it is necessary to study the material in depth, taking samples and specifying its composition.
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