Tesis Pregrado

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Browsing Tesis Pregrado by Subject "Ácido itacónico"

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    Polímeros biobasados formulados en base a etilenglicol y ácidos dicarboxílicos para fabricación de resinas de poliésteres insaturados.
    (Universidad de Concepción, 2024) Cifuentes Peña, Hernán Felipe Ignacio; Valerio, Óscar
    Unsaturated Polyester Resins (UPR), currently widely employed, are synthesized using chemicals derived from non renewable sources. However, the use of organic materials is imperative to ensure sustainable development today. This research focuses on studying the formation of polymers based on monomers obtaina ble from organic sources. The main objective was to investigate the variations in the physical properties of an unsaturated polymer composed of itaconic acid, sebacic acid, and ethylene glycol concerning changes in its chemical composition. Various analyse s were conducted to verify the formation of the polymer molecule, its curing process, and changes in its physical properties depending on variations in the molar ratios of acids. The curing of the prepolymers synthesized was carried out through the radical initiation method, using two different initiators: a photoinitiator activated by UV light and a thermoinitiator activated by exposure to high temperatures. Significant differences were observed in the appearance of thermocured polymers among themselves and when compared to photocured ones. The formation of the polymer through esterification and its crosslinking through both radical initiation methods were con firmed through different analyses. Differences in the solid fraction of the polymers were also noted, which was directly proportional to the amount of itaconic acid. However, the presence of this acid led to a decrease in the thermostability of the polymers. On the other hand, it was observed that the thermocuring process yields polymers with a higher solid fraction and additionally withstand higher temperatures compared to photocured ones. Additionally, inferences were made regarding the possible formation of crystalline structures due to chain packing when the polymer was composed of a significant amount of sebacic acid. It was observed that the physicochemical properties of the polymer wer e altered due to its degree of crystallinity, with thermal stability and mechanical resistance being the most notable, favorably impacted by the improved chain packing.
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