Propuestas de bases de diseño e implementación de soluciones basadas en la naturaleza para la agricultura de riego en Chile
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Las Soluciones basadas en la Naturaleza (SbN) son acciones destinadas a proteger, gestionar de manera sostenible y restaurar ecosistemas naturales o modificados. Estas abordan desafíos de la sociedad, como el cambio climático, la seguridad alimentaria e hídrica. Las SbN influyen directamente en la agricultura de riego, ya que son técnicas que intervienen en la disponibilidad y calidad del agua, junto con otros procesos hidrológicos importantes, como la recarga subterránea de acuíferos y la protección de cuerpos de agua. Dentro de estas técnicas se encuentran la restauración de humedales, humedales construidos, sistemas de biopurificación de lechos biológicos, zanjas de infiltración, franjas de vegetación, sistemas de captura de agua niebla, sistemas de cosecha de agua lluvia y estanques de retención. Estos sistemas, manejos y acciones presentan elementos esenciales, como, requerimientos, pasos de instalación y mantenimiento relevantes para que los procesos operativos de estos sistemas realicen un trabajo eficiente y logren cumplir los diversos objetivos en el recurso hídrico. Debido a su eficiencia y aplicación económica, estas estrategias de SbN se presentan como una alternativa viable para aplicar en la agricultura de riego en Chile. Por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación es entregar las bases de diseño e implementación de estas herramientas para futuros fondos concursables la Comisión Nacional de Riego (CNR).
Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) are actions aimed at protecting, sustainably managing, and restoring natural or modified ecosystems. They address societal challenges such as climate change, food, and water security. NBS directly influence irrigation agriculture as techniques intervening in water availability, quality, and other crucial hydrological processes like aquifer recharge and water body protection. Among these techniques are wetland restoration, constructed wetlands, biobeds, infiltration trenches, buffer strips, fog water harvesting systems, rainwater harvesting systems, and water retention ponds. These systems, practices, and actions present essential elements, such as, requirements, installation, and maintenance steps relevant for the operational processes of these systems to work efficiently and achieve the various objectives in the water resource. Due to their efficiency and economic application, these NBS strategies are presented as a viable alternative to be applied in irrigated agriculture in Chile. Therefore, the objective of this research is to provide the basis for the design and implementation of these tools for future competitive funds from the Chilean National Commission for Irrigation (CNR).
Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) are actions aimed at protecting, sustainably managing, and restoring natural or modified ecosystems. They address societal challenges such as climate change, food, and water security. NBS directly influence irrigation agriculture as techniques intervening in water availability, quality, and other crucial hydrological processes like aquifer recharge and water body protection. Among these techniques are wetland restoration, constructed wetlands, biobeds, infiltration trenches, buffer strips, fog water harvesting systems, rainwater harvesting systems, and water retention ponds. These systems, practices, and actions present essential elements, such as, requirements, installation, and maintenance steps relevant for the operational processes of these systems to work efficiently and achieve the various objectives in the water resource. Due to their efficiency and economic application, these NBS strategies are presented as a viable alternative to be applied in irrigated agriculture in Chile. Therefore, the objective of this research is to provide the basis for the design and implementation of these tools for future competitive funds from the Chilean National Commission for Irrigation (CNR).
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Agrónomo
Keywords
Cambio climático, Riego - Chile, Sustentabilidad