Efectos en el desarrollo del embarazo en mujeres que se han sometido a una cirugía bariátrica.
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Date
2023
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Introducción: La obesidad es un problema de salud mundial. El tratamiento más utilizado en la actualidad para abordarlo es la cirugía bariátrica, asociada a beneficios y riesgos. Cada vez más mujeres quedan embarazadas posterior a una cirugía bariátrica, por lo cual, es de interés estudiar cómo afecta en el desarrollo del embarazo. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de la cirugía bariátrica en el desarrollo del embarazo en mujeres que se han sometido a cirugía bariátrica. Metodología: Se revisaron las bases de datos de Pubmed, Web Of Science, Scielo, entre 2012 y 2022. Se incluyeron artículos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se analizaron 12 artículos en la selección. Resultados: Existen múltiples beneficios en el desarrollo del embarazo como la disminución de DMG y la hemorragia postparto. Sin embargo, existe mayor riesgo de recién nacidos PEG y prematuridad. Además, las cirugías de tipo mixta y malaabsortiva tienen mayor riesgo en los resultados perinatales que las de tipo restrictivas. Finalmente, se resumen recomendaciones de suplementación de vitaminas y minerales. Conclusión: La cirugía bariátrica tiene muchos beneficios en el embarazo; sin embargo, se debe tener un control especializado para reducir riesgos asociados. Muchas recomendaciones no están respaldadas por una muestra significativa, por lo cual, es necesario seguir investigando.
Introduction: Obesity is a global health problem. The most widely used treatment today to address it is bariatric surgery, associated with benefits and risks. More and more women become pregnant after bariatric surgery, therefore, it is of interest to study how it affects the development of pregnancy. Objective: To analyze the effects of bariatric surgery on the development of pregnancy in women who have undergone bariatric surgery. Methodology: The Pubmed, Web Of Science, Scielo databases were reviewed between 2012 and 2022. Articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. 12 articles were analyzed in the selection. Results: There are multiple benefits in the development of pregnancy such as the decrease in GDM and postpartum hemorrhage. However, there is an increased risk of SGA newborns and prematurity. In addition, mixed and malabsorptive surgeries have a higher risk of perinatal outcomes than restrictive surgeries. Finally, recommendations for vitamin and mineral supplementation are summarized. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery has many benefits in pregnancy; however, specialized control must be carried out to reduce associated risks. Many recommendations are not supported by a significant sample, so further research is needed.
Introduction: Obesity is a global health problem. The most widely used treatment today to address it is bariatric surgery, associated with benefits and risks. More and more women become pregnant after bariatric surgery, therefore, it is of interest to study how it affects the development of pregnancy. Objective: To analyze the effects of bariatric surgery on the development of pregnancy in women who have undergone bariatric surgery. Methodology: The Pubmed, Web Of Science, Scielo databases were reviewed between 2012 and 2022. Articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. 12 articles were analyzed in the selection. Results: There are multiple benefits in the development of pregnancy such as the decrease in GDM and postpartum hemorrhage. However, there is an increased risk of SGA newborns and prematurity. In addition, mixed and malabsorptive surgeries have a higher risk of perinatal outcomes than restrictive surgeries. Finally, recommendations for vitamin and mineral supplementation are summarized. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery has many benefits in pregnancy; however, specialized control must be carried out to reduce associated risks. Many recommendations are not supported by a significant sample, so further research is needed.
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Tesis presentada para optar al título de Nutricionista.
Keywords
Embarazo, Cirugía Bariátrica