Variación intraespecífica en rasgos funcionales foliares de Nothofagus macrocarpa a lo largo de su rango de distribución en Chile.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El cambio climático ha impactado la diversidad de bosques nativos, especialmente en Chile central. El estudio de rasgos funcionales es crucial para entender la capacidad de aclimatación frente al cambio climático y desarrollar estrategias de conservación. Este estudio evaluó la variabilidad intraespecífica de rasgos foliares en individuos germinados desde semilleros de cuatro poblaciones de Nothofagus macrocarpa, una especie amenazada y endémica de Chile central. Se calcularon parámetros de curvas presión-volumen y se analizaron utilizando un modelo lineal generalizado mixto. Además, se analizó la descomposición de varianzas para la variabilidad entre poblaciones y semilleros. Se observó diferenciación entre las poblaciones más al norte (Cerro el Roble, Roblería del Cobre de Loncha y Alto Huemul) que presentaron valores más altos de contenido relativo de agua al punto de pérdida de turgor (RWCtlp) y módulo de elasticidad (ε) que la más austral (Radal Siete Tazas), indicando distintas estrategias hidráulicas frente a la desecación entre ambos grupos poblacionales. Así, se recomienda considerar a Radal Siete Tazas para proyectos de restauración y complementar su variabilidad con poblaciones más al norte como Alto Huemul y Cerro el Roble que, además, presentan alta variación intraespecífica en capacitancia a turgor completo y al punto de perdida de turgor (Cft y Ctlp, respectivamente) y en potencial osmótico a turgor completo (Ψo). Sin embargo, el análisis de descomposición de varianza indica que los rasgos medidos sólo explican un 15 % de la variabilidad observada, por lo que otros rasgos en órganos perenes pudiesen explicar mejor las diferencias entre poblaciones.
Climate change has impacted the diversity of native forests, especially in central Chile. The research of functional traits is crucial to understand the acclimation capability to the effects of climate change and develop conservation strategies. This research assessed the intraspecific variability of leaf functional traits in seedlings produced from trees located in four Nothofagus macrocarpa populations, an endemic endangered species from central Chile. Parameters derived from pressure-volume curves were calculated and analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. Also, variance decomposition was analyzed to assess variability between trees and populations. Northern populations (Cerro el Roble, Roblería del Cobre de Loncha and Alto Huemul), showed higher relative water content at turgor loss point (RWCtlp) and modulus of elasticity (ε) than southern population (PN Radal Siete Tazas), pointing towards different hydraulic strategies during desiccation between both population groups. Thus, we recommend to consider Radal Siete Tazas for restoration projects and complement its variability with northern populations such as Alto Huemul and Cerro Roble that, also, showed high intraspecific variability in capacitance at full turgor and at turgor loss point (Cft and Ctlp, respectively) and in osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψo). However, variance decomposition analysis showed that measured traits only explained 15 % of observed variability, indicating that other traits, mainly in perennial organs, could better explain differences between populations.
Climate change has impacted the diversity of native forests, especially in central Chile. The research of functional traits is crucial to understand the acclimation capability to the effects of climate change and develop conservation strategies. This research assessed the intraspecific variability of leaf functional traits in seedlings produced from trees located in four Nothofagus macrocarpa populations, an endemic endangered species from central Chile. Parameters derived from pressure-volume curves were calculated and analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. Also, variance decomposition was analyzed to assess variability between trees and populations. Northern populations (Cerro el Roble, Roblería del Cobre de Loncha and Alto Huemul), showed higher relative water content at turgor loss point (RWCtlp) and modulus of elasticity (ε) than southern population (PN Radal Siete Tazas), pointing towards different hydraulic strategies during desiccation between both population groups. Thus, we recommend to consider Radal Siete Tazas for restoration projects and complement its variability with northern populations such as Alto Huemul and Cerro Roble that, also, showed high intraspecific variability in capacitance at full turgor and at turgor loss point (Cft and Ctlp, respectively) and in osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψo). However, variance decomposition analysis showed that measured traits only explained 15 % of observed variability, indicating that other traits, mainly in perennial organs, could better explain differences between populations.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniera en Conservación de Recursos Naturales
Keywords
Bosque nativo, Conservación de bosques, Nothofagus Chile