Estudio de caso en el dimensionamiento de indicadores de sostenibilidad a nivel de predio AFC productor de arándanos.
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Date
2023
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La sostenibilidad se centra en analizar la capacidad que tienen un sistema agrario para cubrir las necesidades de forma continua en el tiempo, por esta razón es necesario conocer que tan sostenible es un cultivo y también un predio agrícola. El objetivo de esta investigación fue seleccionar indicadores de sostenibilidad para el cultivo del arándano, a fin de ser aplicados y ensayados en un predio perteneciente a la AFC, como estudio de caso, con base en una revisión bibliográfica donde se obtuvo un listado de indicadores, los cuales fueron calificados por un grupo de expertos en donde cada indicador fue valorizado en una encuesta tipo Likert, en cuanto a la importancia que estos tienen al momento de ser calculados como índices de sostenibilidad. Los resultados que se obtuvieron fueron que en el ámbito económico se presentó baja sostenibilidad para el predio de Linares, debido a que, durante el tiempo de producción, el rendimiento fue inconstante, teniendo fluctuaciones de un año a otro, generando bajos ingresos, los cuales afectaron a la rentabilidad de la explotación agrícola. En el ámbito ambiental se pudo evidenciar la sobre fertilización de macronutrientes (nitrógeno y fósforo) y micronutrientes (azufre, hierro, manganeso y cobre). En el ámbito social existe baja sostenibilidad en cuanto a la generación de empleo, puesto que las dimensiones del huerto son pequeñas (0,6ha).
Sustainability focuses on analyzing the capacity of an agricultural system to meet needs continuously over time, for this reason it is necessary to know how sustainable a crop and also an agricultural property is. The objective of this research was to select sustainability indicators for blueberry cultivation, in order to be applied and tested on a property belonging to the AFC, as a case study. Based on a bibliographic review where a list of indicators was obtained, which were qualified by a group of experts where each indicator was valued in a Likert-type survey, regarding the importance that these have when being calculated as indices. of sustainability. The results obtained were that in the economic sphere there was low sustainability for the Linares property, because, during the production time, the performance was inconstant, having fluctuations from one year to the next, generating low income, which affected the profitability of the agricultural operation. In the environmental field, over-fertilization of macronutrients (nitrogen and potassium) and micronutrients (Iron and manganese) could be evidenced. In the social sphere there is low sustainability in terms of job creation, since the dimensions of the garden are small (0.6ha).
Sustainability focuses on analyzing the capacity of an agricultural system to meet needs continuously over time, for this reason it is necessary to know how sustainable a crop and also an agricultural property is. The objective of this research was to select sustainability indicators for blueberry cultivation, in order to be applied and tested on a property belonging to the AFC, as a case study. Based on a bibliographic review where a list of indicators was obtained, which were qualified by a group of experts where each indicator was valued in a Likert-type survey, regarding the importance that these have when being calculated as indices. of sustainability. The results obtained were that in the economic sphere there was low sustainability for the Linares property, because, during the production time, the performance was inconstant, having fluctuations from one year to the next, generating low income, which affected the profitability of the agricultural operation. In the environmental field, over-fertilization of macronutrients (nitrogen and potassium) and micronutrients (Iron and manganese) could be evidenced. In the social sphere there is low sustainability in terms of job creation, since the dimensions of the garden are small (0.6ha).
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al Título de Ingeniero Agrónomo
Keywords
Arándanos Cultivos, Agricultura sustentable, Indicadores (Biología)