Desarrollo de un bioestimulante de orujo de uva blanca a través de secado por aspersión.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los bioestimulantes son sustancias que estimulan el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas. Existen subproductos vegetales, que contienen metabolitos secundarios los cuales pueden ser una fuente importante de bioestimulación natural hacia la planta. Para ello, se trabajó con orujo de uva blanca, ya que es considerado una rica fuente de compuestos terpénicos, y se encapsuló, utilizando maltodextrina como material encapsulante a través de un secado por aspersión. Se midieron características químicas del orujo y del bioestimulante encapsulado, como polifenoles totales, terpenos y actividad antioxidante. Finalmente, se realizó un ensayo del bioestimulante en plantas de raps. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron que al encapsular el orujo hay un aumento de la actividad antioxidante de 998,38 a 1228,38 μmol Trolox 100 g-1 y hay una respuesta en el crecimiento de los brotes de raps. Estos resultados respaldan la eficacia de la bioestimulación como una estrategia prometedora para mejorar el crecimiento de los brotes de raps y da inicio a futuras investigaciones, sobre el uso de subproductos de la vid para el diseño de bioestimulantes.
Biostimulants are substances that stimulate the growth and development of plants. There are by-products of plant that contain secondary metabolites, which can serve as an important source of natural biostimulation for plants. For this study, white grape pomace was used, as it is considered a rich source of terpenic compounds. It was encapsulated using maltodextrin as the encapsulating material through a spray-drying process. Chemical characteristics of the pomace and the encapsulated biostimulant were measured, including total polyphenols, terpenes, and antioxidant activity. Finally, a trial of the biostimulant was conducted on rapeseed plants. The results showed that encapsulating the pomace increased antioxidant activity from 998.38 to 1228.38 μmol Trolox 100 g⁻¹, and there was a positive response in the growth of the rapeseed sprouts. These findings support the efficacy of biostimulation as a promising strategy to enhance the growth of rapeseed sprouts and initiate future research on the use of winery by-products for the design of biostimulants.
Biostimulants are substances that stimulate the growth and development of plants. There are by-products of plant that contain secondary metabolites, which can serve as an important source of natural biostimulation for plants. For this study, white grape pomace was used, as it is considered a rich source of terpenic compounds. It was encapsulated using maltodextrin as the encapsulating material through a spray-drying process. Chemical characteristics of the pomace and the encapsulated biostimulant were measured, including total polyphenols, terpenes, and antioxidant activity. Finally, a trial of the biostimulant was conducted on rapeseed plants. The results showed that encapsulating the pomace increased antioxidant activity from 998.38 to 1228.38 μmol Trolox 100 g⁻¹, and there was a positive response in the growth of the rapeseed sprouts. These findings support the efficacy of biostimulation as a promising strategy to enhance the growth of rapeseed sprouts and initiate future research on the use of winery by-products for the design of biostimulants.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniera Agrónoma
Keywords
Secado por aspersión, Compuestos fenólicos, Terpenos