Migración y acceso a la atención en salud sexual y reproductiva: el caso de la provincia de Iquique.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Introducción: La migración ha aumentado en las últimas décadas. Considerando el incremento de la feminización de la migración, con el consiguiente aumento en la demanda de consultas en salud sexual y reproductiva, es importante describir el acceso desde su propia perspectiva y de la de los agentes de salud.
Objetivo: Describir el acceso a la atención en salud sexual y reproductiva de la población migrante en la provincia de Iquique desde la perspectiva de las personas usuarias y los agentes de salud.
Material y método: Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio-descriptivo con perspectiva fenomenológica. Se realizó un muestreo teórico intencionado que incluyó: profesionales de matronería de APS (n=4), agentes comunitarios (n=7) y personas migrantes (n=14). Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad y dos grupos focales, facilitados por un guion. Cada entrevista fue grabada y posteriormente transcrita, se utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido y el software de análisis cualitativo ATLAS Ti.
Resultados: Las personas migrantes usuarias y agentes de salud reportan brechas en el acceso asociadas a la falta de información, a que la salud no es prioritaria y a la distancia geográfica, y otras específicas para la población LGTBIQA+. Aportan sugerencias que podrían mitigar estas barreras como aumentar las estrategias informativas a la comunidad y favorecer la articulación intersectorial.
Conclusión: Se concluye que los perfiles informantes reconocen brechas asociadas al acceso y uso de servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva, se releva de este el acceso a métodos anticonceptivos, como también aspectos positivos que generan adherencia. Se sugiere ampliar las estrategias informativas.
Introduction: Migration has increased during the last decades. Taking into account the increasing feminization of migration, with the resulting rise of the demand for sexual and reproductive healthcare, describing access from the migrants’ and health workers’ viewpoints becomes essential. Objective: To describe migrants’ access to sexual and reproductive health in the Iquique province, Chile, from the patients’ and the health workers’ viewpoints. Material and method: An exploratory-descriptive qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. Non-probabilistic, theoretical sampling included primary care health (PCH) midwives (n=4), NGO personnel (n=7), and migrants (n=14). In-depth interviews and a focus group were conducted, helped by a script. Each interview was recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed with the content analysis tool and the ATLAS.ti software for qualitative analysis. Results: Migrant users and health agents report gaps in access associated with lack of information, health not being a priority and geographic distance, and others specific to the LGTBIQA+ population. They provide suggestions that could mitigate these barriers, such as increasing community information strategies and promoting intersectoral coordination. Conclusion: It is concluded that the informant profiles recognize gaps associated with the access and use of sexual and reproductive health services, including access to contraceptive methods, as well as positive aspects that generate adherence. It is suggested to expand information strategies.
Introduction: Migration has increased during the last decades. Taking into account the increasing feminization of migration, with the resulting rise of the demand for sexual and reproductive healthcare, describing access from the migrants’ and health workers’ viewpoints becomes essential. Objective: To describe migrants’ access to sexual and reproductive health in the Iquique province, Chile, from the patients’ and the health workers’ viewpoints. Material and method: An exploratory-descriptive qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. Non-probabilistic, theoretical sampling included primary care health (PCH) midwives (n=4), NGO personnel (n=7), and migrants (n=14). In-depth interviews and a focus group were conducted, helped by a script. Each interview was recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed with the content analysis tool and the ATLAS.ti software for qualitative analysis. Results: Migrant users and health agents report gaps in access associated with lack of information, health not being a priority and geographic distance, and others specific to the LGTBIQA+ population. They provide suggestions that could mitigate these barriers, such as increasing community information strategies and promoting intersectoral coordination. Conclusion: It is concluded that the informant profiles recognize gaps associated with the access and use of sexual and reproductive health services, including access to contraceptive methods, as well as positive aspects that generate adherence. It is suggested to expand information strategies.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Salud Sexual y Reproductiva
Keywords
Salud reproductiva, Salud pública, Servicios de salud comunitaria, Inmigrantes