Forraje hidropónico: soluciones nutritivas y calidad de agua utilizada en su producción
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Date
2022
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
En Chile, parte del territorio está siendo afectado por fenómenos climatológicos, provocando dificultades para el establecimiento y crecimiento de las praderas afectando negativamente la producción agropecuaria. Entre las alternativas para hacer frente a estos problemas se encuentran la producción de Forraje Verde Hidropónico (FVH) y la reutilización de aguas residuales. Por ello esta monografía se centra en los distintos aspectos productivos del FVH incluyendo las soluciones nutritivas, así como también en la calidad de las aguas residuales tratadas considerándolas como una opción para riego de FVH. Los antecedentes revisados señalan que la producción de FVH es una alternativa viable para la falta de forraje verde. Las soluciones nutritivas (químicas y orgánicas) mejoran la altura el rendimiento y la calidad nutrimental del FVH. Respecto con la calidad de las aguas residuales tratadas, se encontraron casos en los que la calidad del agua cumplió con la norma de uso de agua para riego e incluso los resultados productivos fueron superiores a los irrigados con agua potable por lo que es posible utilizarla en la producción de FVH. Otros resultados mostraron que el agua residual tratada no cumplía con la calidad necesaria, por lo que no podría utilizarse para riego o requeriría de un tratamiento terciario.
In Chile, part of the territory is being affected by climatic phenomena, causing difficulties for the establishment and growth of grasslands, negatively affecting agricultural production. Among the alternatives to face these problems are the production of hydroponic green fodder and the reuse of wastewater. Therefore, this monograph focuses on the different productive aspects of hydroponic green fodder including nutrient solutions, as well as on the quality of treated wastewater as an option for irrigation of hydroponic green fodder. The background information reviewed indicates that hydroponic green fodder production is a viable alternative to the lack of green fodder. Nutrient solutions (chemical and organic) improve the height, yield and nutritional quality of hydroponic green fodder. Regarding the quality of the treated wastewater, cases were found in which the water quality complied with the water use standard for irrigation and even the productive results were superior to those irrigated with potable water, making it possible to use it in the production of hydroponic green fodder. Other results showed that the treated wastewater did not meet the necessary quality, so it could not be used for irrigation or would require tertiary treatment.
In Chile, part of the territory is being affected by climatic phenomena, causing difficulties for the establishment and growth of grasslands, negatively affecting agricultural production. Among the alternatives to face these problems are the production of hydroponic green fodder and the reuse of wastewater. Therefore, this monograph focuses on the different productive aspects of hydroponic green fodder including nutrient solutions, as well as on the quality of treated wastewater as an option for irrigation of hydroponic green fodder. The background information reviewed indicates that hydroponic green fodder production is a viable alternative to the lack of green fodder. Nutrient solutions (chemical and organic) improve the height, yield and nutritional quality of hydroponic green fodder. Regarding the quality of the treated wastewater, cases were found in which the water quality complied with the water use standard for irrigation and even the productive results were superior to those irrigated with potable water, making it possible to use it in the production of hydroponic green fodder. Other results showed that the treated wastewater did not meet the necessary quality, so it could not be used for irrigation or would require tertiary treatment.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Agrónomo
Keywords
Hidropónica - Chile, Aguas residuales, Praderas