Transformador híbrido monofásico basado en una topología fuente de corriente.
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
En la actualidad, la búsqueda de disminuir la huella de carbono promueve el mercado de automóviles eléctricos y sistemas de generación de energía eléctrica de fuentes renovables, como la solar y la eólica, así se presentan nuevos desafíos para los sistemas de distribución del suministro eléctrico ya que el aumento de cargas no lineales y la variabilidad de operación de las fuentes de energías renovables pueden afectar a la calidad del servicio en general. Es por esto que se hace necesario poder regular las variaciones de voltaje y compensar el factor de potencia a nivel del transformador de distribución. Los transformadores de distribución convencionales carecen de flexibilidad ante estos factores, por lo que se propone modernizar esta etapa con la tecnología de la electrónica de potencia. En este trabajo se presenta como solución un transformador hibrido, el cual combina los beneficios de un transformador convencional y la controlabilidad que ofrece un convertidor estático. Los transformadores híbridos son equipos modernos y no existe información detallada de éstos en la literatura, por lo que se desarrolla un modelo matemático basado en un modelo circuital para estudio de región de operación, diseño de componentes y determinación de los rangos de compensación que puede abordar. Finalmente, los resultados de simulaciones del modelo circuital del transformador hibrido propuesto demuestran que el equipo puede compensar perturbaciones del voltaje de red entre 0.8 y 1.2 p.u. (Sag y Swell) con una sobrecarga del 120% y factor de potencia en la salida entre 0.6 y 1.0, manteniéndose el voltaje estable en la salida y factor de potencia unitario en la entrada.
Nowadays, the search to reduce the carbon footprint promotes the market of electric cars and electric power generation systems from renewable sources, such as solar and wind, thus presenting new challenges for the electric supply distribution systems since the increase of non-linear loads and the variability of operation of renewable energy sources can affect the quality of the service in general. This is why it is necessary to be able to regulate voltage variations and compensate the power factor at the distribution transformer level. Conventional distribution transformers lack flexibility to face these factors, so it is proposed to modernize this stage with power electronics technology. In this work, a hybrid transformer is presented as a solution, which combines the benefits of a conventional transformer and the controllability offered by a static converter. Hybrid transformers are modern equipment and there is no detailed information about them in the literature, so a mathematical model based on a circuit model is developed to study the operating region, design components and determine the compensation ranges that it can manage. Finally, the results of simulations of the circuit model of the proposed hybrid transformer demonstrate that it can compensate for grid voltage disturbances between 0.8 and 1.2 p.u. (Sag and Swell) with an overload of 120% and output power factor between 0.6 and 1.0, maintaining stable voltage at the output and unity power factor at the input.
Nowadays, the search to reduce the carbon footprint promotes the market of electric cars and electric power generation systems from renewable sources, such as solar and wind, thus presenting new challenges for the electric supply distribution systems since the increase of non-linear loads and the variability of operation of renewable energy sources can affect the quality of the service in general. This is why it is necessary to be able to regulate voltage variations and compensate the power factor at the distribution transformer level. Conventional distribution transformers lack flexibility to face these factors, so it is proposed to modernize this stage with power electronics technology. In this work, a hybrid transformer is presented as a solution, which combines the benefits of a conventional transformer and the controllability offered by a static converter. Hybrid transformers are modern equipment and there is no detailed information about them in the literature, so a mathematical model based on a circuit model is developed to study the operating region, design components and determine the compensation ranges that it can manage. Finally, the results of simulations of the circuit model of the proposed hybrid transformer demonstrate that it can compensate for grid voltage disturbances between 0.8 and 1.2 p.u. (Sag and Swell) with an overload of 120% and output power factor between 0.6 and 1.0, maintaining stable voltage at the output and unity power factor at the input.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero/a Civil Electrónico/a.
Keywords
Transformadores eléctricos, Distribución de energía eléctrica, Corrientes eléctricas