Evaluación de la tecnología bioplástica (SAMCO) en el cultivo de maíz dulce (Zea mays convar. saccharata) en Chillán.
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El uso de cubiertas bioplásticas ha permitido revolucionar el rubro agrícola permitiendo establecer prematuramente cultivos, disminuir la evaporación del agua presente en el suelo y evitar la presencia de malezas que compitan con el cultivo. Esto favorece al establecimiento anticipado de cultivos exigentes climáticamente en zonas en que el clima se ha observado fluctuante en los años los últimos años. De acuerdo con lo mencionado se fijó como objetivo el evaluar el desarrollo del maíz dulce (Sh2) bajo cubiertas biodegradable de la empresa SAMCO. El experimento se llevó a cabo en condiciones de campo al aire libre en Chile. Se evaluó el uso de cubiertas biodegradables de color transparente y amarillo, además de un establecimiento control que corresponde a siembra tradicional. Las características físicas asociadas a la planta de maíz tuvieron diferencias significativas (p ≤ 0,05) entre los cultivos bajo cubierta y el establecido tradicionalmente durante su fase de crecimiento, perdiendo su significancia al comenzar su estado reproductivo (V5). Las mazorcas no presentaron diferencias significativas en el número de filas (p > 0,05), sin embargo, el número de granos por filas, la cantidad total de granos y la concentración de solidos solubles (Brix), fue significativo (p ≤ 0,05) en los cultivos bajo cubiertas.
The use of bioplastic covers has revolutionized agriculture by allowing crops to be planted earlier, reducing water evaporation from the soil, and preventing the growth of weeds that compete with crops. This favors the early establishment of climate-demanding crops in areas where the climate has been observed to fluctuate in recent years. In line with the above, the objective was to evaluate the development of sweet corn (Sh2) under biodegradable mulch from the company SAMCO. The experiment was carried out in open field conditions in Chile. The use of transparent and yellow biodegradable mulch was evaluated, in addition to a control establishment corresponding to traditional sowing. The physical characteristics associated with the corn plant showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between crops under cover and those established traditionally during their growth phase, losing their significance at the beginning of their reproductive stage (V5). The ears of corn did not show significant differences in the number of rows (p > 0.05), however, the number of kernels per row, the total number of kernels, and the concentration of soluble solids (°Brix) were significant (p ≤ 0.05) in crops under covers.
The use of bioplastic covers has revolutionized agriculture by allowing crops to be planted earlier, reducing water evaporation from the soil, and preventing the growth of weeds that compete with crops. This favors the early establishment of climate-demanding crops in areas where the climate has been observed to fluctuate in recent years. In line with the above, the objective was to evaluate the development of sweet corn (Sh2) under biodegradable mulch from the company SAMCO. The experiment was carried out in open field conditions in Chile. The use of transparent and yellow biodegradable mulch was evaluated, in addition to a control establishment corresponding to traditional sowing. The physical characteristics associated with the corn plant showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between crops under cover and those established traditionally during their growth phase, losing their significance at the beginning of their reproductive stage (V5). The ears of corn did not show significant differences in the number of rows (p > 0.05), however, the number of kernels per row, the total number of kernels, and the concentration of soluble solids (°Brix) were significant (p ≤ 0.05) in crops under covers.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero/a en Agrónomo/a.
Keywords
Maíz, Cultivos, Biodegradación, Biopolímeros