Evaluación de servicios ecosistémicos en espacios verdes urbanos, en el barrio de Lomas Coloradas, comuna de San Pedro de la Paz, Concepción, Chile.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
En el contexto de cambio climático, pérdida de biodiversidad y expansión urbana, los espacios verdes urbanos son de importancia para la sustentabilidad de las ciudades puesto que brindan una variedad de servicios ecosistémicos, como la regulación de la temperatura y del flujo de agua o la moderación de los extremos ambientales. En esta investigación se evalúan los servicios ecosistémicos provistos por los espacios verdes urbanos en el barrio de Lomas Coloradas, comuna de San Pedro de la Paz, Concepción. Para ello, primero se identifican los espacios verdes urbanos, sus tipologías y categorías por cobertura vegetal. Luego se evalúa su capacidad de provisión de servicios ecosistémicos en base a expertos y de su valoración social, diseñando y aplicando una encuesta, y finalmente se contrastan los resultados de ambas metodologías. Los resultados identifican 7 tipos de espacios verdes urbanos; patios, plazas, avenidas con vegetación, parques locales, cerro, laguna, playa. Las plazas y los espacios verdes lineales tienen baja cobertura vegetal, en contraste con la laguna. En base a los expertos, los remanentes naturales urbanos como la laguna y la playa, tienen mayor capacidad de provisión de servicios ecosistémicos. La encuesta revela aspectos tales como; que el tamaño uso de los espacios verdes urbanos, tendencia a preferir y usar el remanente natural urbano más próximo. El contraste de ambas técnicas sirve como un ejercicio de calibración de herramientas, constatando discrepancias en la cantidad de servicios ecosistémicos identificados: los residentes señalan más servicios relevantes que los expertos, y similitudes en torno a que el tipo de servicio ecosistémico más relevante en los espacios verdes urbanos corresponde al de tipo cultural.
In the context of climate change, biodiversity loss and urban expansion, urban green spaces are important for the sustainability of cities since they provide a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulating temperature and water flow or moderating of environmental extremes. This research evaluates the ecosystem services provided by urban green spaces in the Lomas Coloradas neighborhood, commune of San Pedro de la Paz, Concepción. To do this, first the urban green spaces, their typologies and categories by plant cover are identified. Then, their capacity to provide ecosystem services is evaluated based on experts and their social valuation; for the latter, a survey was designed and applied. To finally contrast the results of both methodologies. The results identify 7 types of urban green spaces; patios, squares, avenues with vegetation, local parks, hills, lagoons, beaches. Regarding plant coverage, squares and linear green spaces are categorized with low values, in contrast to the lagoon. Based on experts, urban natural remnants such as the lagoon and the beach have a greater capacity to provide ecosystem services. The survey reveals aspects such as; than the size of use of urban green spaces, tendency to prefer and use the closest urban natural remnant. The contrast of both techniques serves as a tool calibration exercise. It confirms discrepancies in the number of ecosystem services identified, residents point out more relevant services than experts, and similarities in that the most relevant type of ecosystem service in urban green spaces corresponds to the cultural type.
In the context of climate change, biodiversity loss and urban expansion, urban green spaces are important for the sustainability of cities since they provide a variety of ecosystem services, such as regulating temperature and water flow or moderating of environmental extremes. This research evaluates the ecosystem services provided by urban green spaces in the Lomas Coloradas neighborhood, commune of San Pedro de la Paz, Concepción. To do this, first the urban green spaces, their typologies and categories by plant cover are identified. Then, their capacity to provide ecosystem services is evaluated based on experts and their social valuation; for the latter, a survey was designed and applied. To finally contrast the results of both methodologies. The results identify 7 types of urban green spaces; patios, squares, avenues with vegetation, local parks, hills, lagoons, beaches. Regarding plant coverage, squares and linear green spaces are categorized with low values, in contrast to the lagoon. Based on experts, urban natural remnants such as the lagoon and the beach have a greater capacity to provide ecosystem services. The survey reveals aspects such as; than the size of use of urban green spaces, tendency to prefer and use the closest urban natural remnant. The contrast of both techniques serves as a tool calibration exercise. It confirms discrepancies in the number of ecosystem services identified, residents point out more relevant services than experts, and similarities in that the most relevant type of ecosystem service in urban green spaces corresponds to the cultural type.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Geógrafo
Keywords
Ecosistemas, Sustentabilidad, Desarrollo urbano