Influencias del polen nativo en el sistema inmune de las abejas (Apis Mellifera L.) y la respuesta frente a la infección del virus de las alas deformadas
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Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La abeja melífera (Apis mellifera L.) es un polinizador vital para todo el ecosistema, por lo que es de suma importancia su cuidado. Los parásitos y agentes patógenos de la abeja de la miel son factores claves que subyacen en la pérdida de colonias y ponen en riesgo la industria de la apicultura y la agricultura en su conjunto. Para controlar la propagación y desarrollo de enfermedades dentro de la colonia, las abejas poseen un sistema inmune innato que incluye barreras físicas, respuestas celulares y humorales. Pero también, utilizan resinas de las plantas con actividad antimicrobiana que pueden controlar enfermedades dentro de la colonia. La conexión entre nutrición e inmunidad se ha demostrado en numerosos organismos, donde la función inmune se ve afectada por la restricción calórica. Para observar la influencia del polen en la salud de las abejas, se inocularon abejas con el virus de las alas deformadas y fueron expuestas a diferentes pólenes nativos chilenos y no nativos, suministrados a las abejas como dieta. El polen nativo de maitén y el polen polifloral, incrementaron la sobrevivencia, además, de aumentar la expresión de péptidos antimicrobianos (defensina, abaecina y himenoptaecina), en comparación con el polen no nativo (eucaliptus), el cual disminuyó la sobrevivencia y la expresión de los péptidos antimicrobianos.
The honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is a vital pollinator for the entire ecosystem, so its care is of the utmost importance. The parasites and pathogens of the honey bee are key factors underlying the loss of colonies and put the beekeeping industry and agriculture as a whole at risk. To control the spread and development of diseases within the colony, bees possess an innate immune system that includes physical barriers, cellular and humoral responses. But they also use plant resins with antimicrobial activity that can control diseases within the colony. The connection between nutrition and immunity has been demonstrated in numerous organisms, where immune function is affected by caloric restriction. To observe the influence of pollen on the health of bees, bees were inoculated with the deformed wing virus and were exposed to different native Chilean and non-native pollens, supplied to the bees as a diet. Where favorable results were obtained with some treatments, such as native maitén pollen and polyfloral pollen, which increased survival, in addition to increasing the expression of antimicrobial peptides (defensin, Abaecin and hymenoptaecin), compared to non-native pollen, the which decreased survival and expression of these.
The honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is a vital pollinator for the entire ecosystem, so its care is of the utmost importance. The parasites and pathogens of the honey bee are key factors underlying the loss of colonies and put the beekeeping industry and agriculture as a whole at risk. To control the spread and development of diseases within the colony, bees possess an innate immune system that includes physical barriers, cellular and humoral responses. But they also use plant resins with antimicrobial activity that can control diseases within the colony. The connection between nutrition and immunity has been demonstrated in numerous organisms, where immune function is affected by caloric restriction. To observe the influence of pollen on the health of bees, bees were inoculated with the deformed wing virus and were exposed to different native Chilean and non-native pollens, supplied to the bees as a diet. Where favorable results were obtained with some treatments, such as native maitén pollen and polyfloral pollen, which increased survival, in addition to increasing the expression of antimicrobial peptides (defensin, Abaecin and hymenoptaecin), compared to non-native pollen, the which decreased survival and expression of these.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Agrónomo
Keywords
Virus de insectos, Polen Análisis, Abejas - Enfermedades