Percepción de violencia laboral de personas mayores laboralmente activas en Atención Primaria de Salud.
Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Introducción: A nivel global la violencia laboral afecta al 23 % de la población, siendo los trabajadores de la salud, uno de los grupos más vulnerables. Este fenómeno, junto al envejecimiento de la fuerza laboral, constituye un desafío de salud pública.
Objetivos: Analizar la percepción de violencia laboral y los factores asociados en personas mayores laboralmente activas en Atención Primaria de Salud de la comuna de Concepción, Chile, e identificar medidas preventivas propuestas por ellos.
Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional y transversal, con muestreo censal. Datos obtenidos mediante cuestionario validado “Violencia laboral en el sector salud” OIT/CIE/OMS/PSI. Se aplicaron todos los principios de Ezequiel Emanuel a través de la investigación.
Resultados: El 73,5 % de los/as participantes fueron mujeres Técnico/a en Enfermería de Nivel Superior o administrativos, entre 60-65 años. El 35,3 % reportó violencia laboral: abuso verbal 32,4 %, mobbing 11,8 %, violencia física 8,8 % y acoso sexual 2,9 %. No se hallaron asociaciones significativas con las variables del estudio. Las medidas preventivas propuestas fueron “trato respetuoso, comunicación efectiva y capacitación continua”.
Conclusión: Se confirmó la presencia de violencia laboral, principalmente abuso verbal, en Atención Primaria de Salud, destacando las medidas preventivas propuestas por las propias personas mayores.
Introduction: Globally, workplace violence affects 23% of the population, with healthcare workers being one of the most vulnerable groups. This phenomenon, coupled with the aging workforce, constitutes a public health challenge. Objectives: To analyze the perception of workplace violence and associated factors among older adults working in Primary Health Care in the commune of Concepción, Chile, and to identify preventive measures proposed by them. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study with census sampling. Data was obtained through a validated ILO/ICD/WHO/PSI questionnaire "Workplace Violence in the Health Sector." All the principles of Ezequiel Emanuel were applied throughout the research. Results: 73.5% of the participants were women, senior nursing technicians or administrative staff, between 60 and 65 years of age. 35.3% reported workplace violence: verbal abuse 32.4%, bullying 11.8%, physical violence 8.8%, and sexual harassment 2.9%. No significant associations were found with the study variables. The proposed preventive measures were "respectful treatment, effective communication, and ongoing training." Conclusion: The presence of workplace violence, primarily verbal abuse, in Primary Health Care was confirmed, highlighting the preventive measures proposed by older adults themselves.
Introduction: Globally, workplace violence affects 23% of the population, with healthcare workers being one of the most vulnerable groups. This phenomenon, coupled with the aging workforce, constitutes a public health challenge. Objectives: To analyze the perception of workplace violence and associated factors among older adults working in Primary Health Care in the commune of Concepción, Chile, and to identify preventive measures proposed by them. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study with census sampling. Data was obtained through a validated ILO/ICD/WHO/PSI questionnaire "Workplace Violence in the Health Sector." All the principles of Ezequiel Emanuel were applied throughout the research. Results: 73.5% of the participants were women, senior nursing technicians or administrative staff, between 60 and 65 years of age. 35.3% reported workplace violence: verbal abuse 32.4%, bullying 11.8%, physical violence 8.8%, and sexual harassment 2.9%. No significant associations were found with the study variables. The proposed preventive measures were "respectful treatment, effective communication, and ongoing training." Conclusion: The presence of workplace violence, primarily verbal abuse, in Primary Health Care was confirmed, highlighting the preventive measures proposed by older adults themselves.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Enfermería.
Keywords
Violencia, Acoso laboral Chile, Atención primaria de salud, Salud pública