Captura de carbono en plantaciones de Pinus Radiata en un gradiente de productividad en dos suelos contrastantes
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Date
2024
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Pinus radiata es la especie forestal más plantada en Chile, siendo relevante mejorar el conocimiento sobre su acumulación de carbono (C). Se planteó: i) cuantificar los stocks de C en la biomasa aérea y subterránea (TBC), en el piso forestal (FFC), en el suelo mineral (SOC) y a nivel total del rodal (TCS) en rodales adultos de esta especie en suelos de arena y cenizas volcánicas (trumaos); ii) modelar el efecto de la productividad y del tipo de suelo en los stocks de C; y iii) modelar el stock de C respecto a variables ambientales, del suelo y del sitio. Se seleccionaron 10 sitios con plantaciones de Pinus radiata en un gradiente de productividad en suelos contrastantes de arenas y trumaos. En cada sitio, se instalaron 3 parcelas de 1000 m2, cuantificando el TBC mediante ecuaciones alométricas, muestreando el SOC hasta 1 m de profundidad, y tomando muestras de hojarasca y residuos para determinar el FFC. Sitios de trumao presentaron un mayor SOC y TCS que arenas (p < 0.01), con TCS medios de 473.2 Mg ha-1 y 330.9 Mg ha-1 respectivamente. Hubo una fuerte relación entre la productividad con el SOC y TCS (r2= 0.91, p < 0.01) al considerar el tipo de suelo. Las variables relacionadas con mejores condiciones nutricionales e hídricas del suelo tuvieron un efecto positivo en el stock total de C; y hubo un efecto negativo las variables relacionadas a estrés hídrico. Las diferencias en C stock según el tipo de suelo y el clima mostraron la importancia de desarrollar modelos específicos al sitio para estimar adecuadamente las reservas de C.
Pinus radiata is the most planted forest species in Chile, so it is relevant to improve knowledge about its carbon (C) accumulation. It was proposed: i) determinate the aboveground and belowground biomass (TBC), the forest floor (FFC) and the mineral soil (SOC) and total (TCS) C stocks, in adult stands of this species in sandy and volcanic ash soils sites; ii) model the effect of stand productivity and soil type on C stock; and iii) model the C stock with respect to environmental, soil and site variables. Ten sites were selected with Pinus radiata plantations along a productivity gradient in contrasting sandy and recent ash soils sites. At each site, 3 plots of 1000 m2 were installed, quantifying the TBC using allometric equations, sampling the SOC up to 1 m deep and sampling litter and woody debris to determine the FFC. The recent ash sites had higher SOC and TCS than the sandy (p < 0.01) soil sites, with an average TCS of 473.2 Mg ha-1 and 330.0 Mg ha-1 respectively. There was a strong relationship between productivity with SOC and TCS (r2= 0.91, p < 0.01) when considering soil type. The variables related to better nutritional and soil water conditions had a positive effect on the total C stock; and there was a negative effect on the variables related to water stress. Differences on C stocks according soil type and climate showed the importance of developing site-specific models to adequately estimate C stocks.
Pinus radiata is the most planted forest species in Chile, so it is relevant to improve knowledge about its carbon (C) accumulation. It was proposed: i) determinate the aboveground and belowground biomass (TBC), the forest floor (FFC) and the mineral soil (SOC) and total (TCS) C stocks, in adult stands of this species in sandy and volcanic ash soils sites; ii) model the effect of stand productivity and soil type on C stock; and iii) model the C stock with respect to environmental, soil and site variables. Ten sites were selected with Pinus radiata plantations along a productivity gradient in contrasting sandy and recent ash soils sites. At each site, 3 plots of 1000 m2 were installed, quantifying the TBC using allometric equations, sampling the SOC up to 1 m deep and sampling litter and woody debris to determine the FFC. The recent ash sites had higher SOC and TCS than the sandy (p < 0.01) soil sites, with an average TCS of 473.2 Mg ha-1 and 330.0 Mg ha-1 respectively. There was a strong relationship between productivity with SOC and TCS (r2= 0.91, p < 0.01) when considering soil type. The variables related to better nutritional and soil water conditions had a positive effect on the total C stock; and there was a negative effect on the variables related to water stress. Differences on C stocks according soil type and climate showed the importance of developing site-specific models to adequately estimate C stocks.
Description
Tesis para optar al grado de Magister en Ciencias Forestales
Keywords
Carbono en las plantas, Suelos, Pinus radiata