Análisis del potencial del orujo de uva como alternativa para la alimentación de aves de corral
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Cada año, la vinificación genera una alta acumulación de residuos estacionales, que sin manejo adecuado puede contaminar suelo, agua y atmósfera. El orujo de uva (OU), principal subproducto de la vinificación tiene alto contenido de fibra y compuestos bioactivos, y se ha incorporado en la alimentación animal evidenciando efectos beneficiosos. Por esto, el objetivo de esta monografía fue analizar las características, efectos benéficos y posibles limitantes del uso de OU como potencial ingrediente para la alimentación de aves de corral. El OU puede ser un buen complemento en una dieta balanceada, por su aporte de proteína cruda, lisina, metionina + cisteína, treonina, calcio y energía metabolizable; y polifenoles que mejoran estrés oxidativo, inmunidad y microbiota intestinal. Sus efectos en la salud animal, producción y calidad de los productos derivados, dependen de la dosis y presentación; se recomiendan porcentajes bajos, evitando efectos antinutricionales, y en formato de harina, por su mayor estabilidad y facilidad de manejo. Una formulación adecuada y el uso de aditivos permite reducir los efectos antinutricionales. El gran potencial vitivinícola de Chile, sugiere que el OU podría ser una alternativa alimentaria para incrementar la productividad y sostenibilidad del sector avícola nacional, mejorando la calidad de los productos y el estatus sanitario de las aves.
Every year, winemaking generates a high accumulation of seasonal waste, which without proper management contaminates soil, water and the atmosphere. Grape Marc (GM), the main by-product of winemaking, has a high content of fiber and bioactive compounds, and has been incorporated into animal feed, showing beneficial effects. The objective of this monograph was to analyze the characteristics, beneficial effects and possible limitations of the use of GM as a potential ingredient for poultry feed. Grape marc can be a good complement to a balanced diet, due to its contribution of crude protein, lysine, methionine + cysteine, threonine, calcium and metabolizable energy; and polyphenols that improve oxidative stress, immunity and intestinal microbiota. Its effects on animal health, production and quality of derived products depend on the dose and presentation; low percentages are recommended (to avoid antinutritional effects) and flour format (greater stability and ease of handling). An adequate formulation and the use of additives allow reducing antinutritional effects. Chile's great wine-growing potential suggests that GM could be an alternative food to increase the productivity and sustainability of the national poultry sector, improving the quality of products and the health status of birds.
Every year, winemaking generates a high accumulation of seasonal waste, which without proper management contaminates soil, water and the atmosphere. Grape Marc (GM), the main by-product of winemaking, has a high content of fiber and bioactive compounds, and has been incorporated into animal feed, showing beneficial effects. The objective of this monograph was to analyze the characteristics, beneficial effects and possible limitations of the use of GM as a potential ingredient for poultry feed. Grape marc can be a good complement to a balanced diet, due to its contribution of crude protein, lysine, methionine + cysteine, threonine, calcium and metabolizable energy; and polyphenols that improve oxidative stress, immunity and intestinal microbiota. Its effects on animal health, production and quality of derived products depend on the dose and presentation; low percentages are recommended (to avoid antinutritional effects) and flour format (greater stability and ease of handling). An adequate formulation and the use of additives allow reducing antinutritional effects. Chile's great wine-growing potential suggests that GM could be an alternative food to increase the productivity and sustainability of the national poultry sector, improving the quality of products and the health status of birds.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Agrónomo
Keywords
Orujo de uva como alimento animal, Avicultura -- Chile, Nutrición Animal