Metabolitos secundarios bioactivos extraídos de forma sustentable de Lophosoria quadripinnata mediante el uso de técnicas biotecnológicas.
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los metabolitos secundarios de origen vegetal poseen un alto potencial biotecnológico por sus aplicaciones en la industria farmacéutica y biomédica. Lophosoria quadripinnata es un helecho con compuestos bioactivos aún poco estudiados. Este trabajo se desarrolló con el objetivo de determinar la influencia de la propagación in vitro de Lophosoria quadripinnata en la obtención sustentable de metabolitos secundarios bioactivos. Se estableció un protocolo de propagación in vitro de L. quadripinnata a partir de esporas en distintos medios, evaluando el crecimiento de biomasa, para la obtención sustentable de sus compuestos bioactivos. Los resultados mostraron que el medio ½ MS con sacarosa favoreció un mayor crecimiento de biomasa. Se desarrolló un procedimiento para la extracción y caracterización de sus metabolitos a partir de material in vitro e in situ mediante la combinación de técnicas cromatográficas. Se identificaron y compararon compuestos obtenidos de material in vitro e in situ, relacionándolos con su bioactividad. Se sintetizaron nanopartículas de plata AgNPs a partir de los extractos y se evaluó su bioactividad en ensayos antimicrobianos comparándola con la de los extractos puros. Se realizó un ensayo de citotoxicidad en células LN-CaP. Las AgNPs exhibieron una actividad antimicrobiana superior a la de los extractos puros. Las concentraciones de extractos utilizadas no permitieron demostrar el efecto citotóxico de los metabolitos bioactivos frente a la línea celular LN-CaP. Se estableció un método eficiente y sustentable para la propagación y obtención de metabolitos de L. quadripinnata, evidenciando su potencial biotecnológico. Este estudio sienta las bases para optimizar la producción de metabolitos mediante elicitores en cultivos in vitro y para explorar la bioactividad de las AgNPs en modelos biológicos más complejos, promoviendo el uso sustentable de esta especie nativa.
Plant-derived secondary metabolites have significant biotechnological potential due to their applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. Lophosoria quadripinnata is a fern species with bioactive compounds that remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to determine the influence of L. quadripinnata in vitro propagation on the sustainable production of bioactive secondary metabolites. An in vitro propagation protocol was established using spores in different media to evaluate biomass growth and obtain bioactive compounds sustainably. Results showed that the ½ MS medium supplemented with sucrose promoted higher biomass production. A procedure for the extraction and characterization of metabolites was developed using a combination of chromatographic techniques to analyze compounds from both in vitro and in situ sources. Metabolites were identified and compared, correlating their presence with bioactivity. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the extracts, and their bioactivity was assessed through antimicrobial assays and compared to pure extracts. A cytotoxicity assay was conducted on LN-CaP cells. AgNPs exhibited superior antimicrobial activity compared to pure extracts. However, the extract concentrations used did not allow the demonstration of cytotoxic effects of bioactive metabolites on the LN-CaP cell line. An efficient and sustainable method for the propagation and metabolite extraction of L. quadripinnata was established, highlighting its biotechnological potential. This study lays the foundation for optimizing metabolite production using elicitors in in vitro cultures and exploring the bioactivity of AgNPs in more complex biological models, promoting the sustainable use of this native species.
Plant-derived secondary metabolites have significant biotechnological potential due to their applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. Lophosoria quadripinnata is a fern species with bioactive compounds that remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to determine the influence of L. quadripinnata in vitro propagation on the sustainable production of bioactive secondary metabolites. An in vitro propagation protocol was established using spores in different media to evaluate biomass growth and obtain bioactive compounds sustainably. Results showed that the ½ MS medium supplemented with sucrose promoted higher biomass production. A procedure for the extraction and characterization of metabolites was developed using a combination of chromatographic techniques to analyze compounds from both in vitro and in situ sources. Metabolites were identified and compared, correlating their presence with bioactivity. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the extracts, and their bioactivity was assessed through antimicrobial assays and compared to pure extracts. A cytotoxicity assay was conducted on LN-CaP cells. AgNPs exhibited superior antimicrobial activity compared to pure extracts. However, the extract concentrations used did not allow the demonstration of cytotoxic effects of bioactive metabolites on the LN-CaP cell line. An efficient and sustainable method for the propagation and metabolite extraction of L. quadripinnata was established, highlighting its biotechnological potential. This study lays the foundation for optimizing metabolite production using elicitors in in vitro cultures and exploring the bioactivity of AgNPs in more complex biological models, promoting the sustainable use of this native species.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero en Biotecnología Vegetal.
Keywords
Metabolitos, Lophosoria quadripinnata, Biotecnología