Acinetobacter Baumannii y Pseudomonas Aeruginosa resistentes a colistin, problemas en el diagnostico clínico y nuevos métodos para el estudio de susceptibilidad.
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Date
2022
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Debido al excesivo y mal uso de los antibióticos para tratar infecciones, causadas por bacterias multidrogo-resistentes (MDR), los reportes de bacterias multiresistentes a nivel global tales como Acinetobacter baumannii y Pseudomonas aeruginosa también ha ido en aumento, Una estimación reciente sugiere que el continuo aumento de las infecciones por microorganismos resistentes a los antimicrobianos, siguiendo las tendencias actuales, provocará 10 millones de muertes por año en 2050, es decir, será la primera causa de muerte a nivel mundial, incluso por sobre la diabetes y el cáncer. Debido a lo anterior, es que el objetivo de este trabajo fue describir los mecanismos de resistencia a colistín, tanto intrínsecos como extrínsecos (adquiridos) en las bacterias antes mencionadas, además se investigó sobre los nuevos métodos de susceptibilidad a colistín en los laboratorios clínicos, los cuales están orientados a reemplazar el método de microdilución en caldo (BMD), esta es la técnica de referencia autorizada por el Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CSLI) y European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST), dónde posee una serie de desventajas, tales como el alto consumo de tiempo para el operador y la demora en la obtención de resultados.
Due to the excessive use and misuse of antibiotics to treat MDR infections, global reports of multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have also been on the rise. A recent estimate suggests that the continuing rise in infections by antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. In this sense, it as been estimated that antibiotic resistant bacteria will cause 10 million deaths per year in 2050, that is, it will be the leading cause of death worldwide, even above diabetes and cancer; Due to the above, this review focuses on describing the mechanisms of resistance to colistin, a last resort drug to treat serious resistant infections, both intrinsic and extrinsic in the aforementioned bacteria, in addition to investigating new methods of susceptibility to colistin in clinical laboratories, these test have high levels of reliability and limited waiting times, which are intended to displace the broth microdilution method (BMD), which is the reference method authorized by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CSLI) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST), however, it has disadvantages such as high time consumption for the analyst and delay in obtaining results.
Due to the excessive use and misuse of antibiotics to treat MDR infections, global reports of multidrug-resistant bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have also been on the rise. A recent estimate suggests that the continuing rise in infections by antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. In this sense, it as been estimated that antibiotic resistant bacteria will cause 10 million deaths per year in 2050, that is, it will be the leading cause of death worldwide, even above diabetes and cancer; Due to the above, this review focuses on describing the mechanisms of resistance to colistin, a last resort drug to treat serious resistant infections, both intrinsic and extrinsic in the aforementioned bacteria, in addition to investigating new methods of susceptibility to colistin in clinical laboratories, these test have high levels of reliability and limited waiting times, which are intended to displace the broth microdilution method (BMD), which is the reference method authorized by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CSLI) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST), however, it has disadvantages such as high time consumption for the analyst and delay in obtaining results.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Bioquímico/a.
Keywords
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Diagnóstico clínico, Agentes anti-infecciosos, Susceptibilidad a enfermedades