Percepción del abordaje de la pesquisa del cáncer cervicouterino y de mama en la red de atención primaria del Servicio de Salud Concepción durante el Covid-19.
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 alteró los sistemas de salud a nivel global, aplicando una rápida implementación en medidas de contingencia sanitaria, priorizando la emergencia, reorientando recursos y desplazando atenciones de salud no esenciales. Las atenciones de salud sexual y reproductiva se vieron afectadas al no ser una prioridad, incluyendo las de tamizaje de cáncer ginecológico. Objetivo: Explorar la percepción del abordaje de la pesquisa del cáncer cervicouterino y de mamas de las usuarias y personal de matronería en la red atención primaria del Servicio de Salud Concepción durante el año 2021. Material y Método: Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio de perspectiva fenomenológica. Se realizó un muestreo en bola de nieve que incluyó a profesionales de matronería de APS (n=8) y usuarias de atención primaria (n=7). Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad, grabadas y transcritas, se empleó análisis de contenido y software de análisis cualitativo ATLAS Ti. v9. Resultados: El personal de matronería enfrentó desafíos en la continuidad del tamizaje debido a reasignación de funciones, limitaciones en infraestructura y el acceso restringido a centros de salud. Se implementaron estrategias como atenciones telemáticas, campañas de rescate y uso de redes sociales. Las usuarias percibieron barreras como el miedo al contagio y desinformación sobre las prestaciones disponibles, afectando la pesquisa. Conclusiones: La pandemia impactó en el acceso al tamizaje evidenciando barreras tanto estructurales como emocionales. El miedo al contagio y limitaciones del sistema influyeron en la disminución de la asistencia y la cobertura.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare systems worldwide, prompting the rapid implementation of health contingency measures, prioritizing emergencies, reallocating resources, and postponing non-essential healthcare services. Sexual and reproductive healthcare services were affected as they were not considered a priority, including gynecological cancer screening. Objective: To explore the perception of the approach to cervical and breast cancer screening among users and midwifery staff in the primary care network of the Concepción Health Service during 2021. Materials and methods: Qualitative, exploratory study from a phenomenological perspective. A snowball sampling was conducted that included primary care midwives (n=8) and primary care users (n=7). In-depth interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed, and content analysis and ATLAS Ti v9. qualitative analysis software were used. Results: Midwifery staff faced challenges in continuing screening due to reassignment of duties, infrastructure limitations, and restricted access to health centers. Strategies such as telemedicine, outreach campaigns, and the use of social media were implemented. Users perceived barriers such as fear of contagion and misinformation about available services, which affected screening. Conclusions: The pandemic impacted access to screening, highlighting both structural and emotional barriers. Fear of contagion and system limitations influenced the decline in attendance and coverage.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare systems worldwide, prompting the rapid implementation of health contingency measures, prioritizing emergencies, reallocating resources, and postponing non-essential healthcare services. Sexual and reproductive healthcare services were affected as they were not considered a priority, including gynecological cancer screening. Objective: To explore the perception of the approach to cervical and breast cancer screening among users and midwifery staff in the primary care network of the Concepción Health Service during 2021. Materials and methods: Qualitative, exploratory study from a phenomenological perspective. A snowball sampling was conducted that included primary care midwives (n=8) and primary care users (n=7). In-depth interviews were conducted, recorded, and transcribed, and content analysis and ATLAS Ti v9. qualitative analysis software were used. Results: Midwifery staff faced challenges in continuing screening due to reassignment of duties, infrastructure limitations, and restricted access to health centers. Strategies such as telemedicine, outreach campaigns, and the use of social media were implemented. Users perceived barriers such as fear of contagion and misinformation about available services, which affected screening. Conclusions: The pandemic impacted access to screening, highlighting both structural and emotional barriers. Fear of contagion and system limitations influenced the decline in attendance and coverage.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Salud Sexual y Reproductiva.
Keywords
COVID-19, Cáncer del cuello uterino, Cáncer mamario, Salud sexual, Salud reproductiva