Investigación comparativa entre el sistema de reciclaje de residuos domiciliarios de la Región del Biobío y el de la Región de Emilia Romaña en Italia.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El presente estudio se enfoca en una comparación de los sistemas de reciclaje de residuos domiciliarios en las regiones del Biobío en Chile y Emilia-Romaña en Italia, con el objetivo de identificar las características del sistema de Emilia-Romaña que podrían ser implementadas en la región del Biobío. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un análisis del funcionamiento de ambos sistemas, abarcando aspectos técnicos, operativos y de gestión.
Debido a limitaciones en la obtención de información, el estudio se centró en tres características específicas: la infraestructura de recolección, los procesos de separación y tratamiento de residuos, y las estrategias de educación y concienciación ciudadana. En el análisis del sistema de Emilia-Romaña, se describen detalladamente las tecnologías empleadas, la logística de recolección y las políticas públicas que han contribuido a su éxito. Por su parte, se recopiló información clave sobre el sistema de reciclaje del Biobío, identificando sus principales características y áreas de mejora.
La comparación entre ambos sistemas revela diferencias significativas en el porcentaje de residuos recuperados entre ambas regiones. Para el año 2023, se observó una diferencia del 74%. Esto se debe a que la región de Emilia-Romaña cuenta con un sistema más desarrollado y eficiente que el de la región del Biobío. El sistema del Biobío, actualmente, enfrenta desafíos en términos de infraestructura, organización y participación ciudadana.
El estudio aborda consideraciones legales, sistemáticas y de recursos necesarios para la implementación de un sistema similar al de Emilia-Romaña en el Biobío. Se proponen las consideraciones tanto nivel local como nacional para que el actual sistema sea mejor. Estas recomendaciones incluyen el fortalecimiento del marco legal, la inversión en infraestructura y tecnología, y la implementación de programas educativos para fomentar la participación ciudadana en el reciclaje.
This study focuses on a comparison of household waste recycling systems in the Biobío region in Chile and Emilia-Romagna in Italy, with the objective of identifying the characteristics of the Emilia-Romagna system that could be implemented in the Biobío region. To this end, an analysis of the functioning of both systems was carried out, covering technical, operational and management aspects. Due to limitations in obtaining information, the study focused on three specific characteristics: collection infrastructure, waste separation and treatment processes, and citizen education and awareness strategies. In the analysis of the Emilia-Romagna system, the technologies employed, collection logistics and public policies that have contributed to its success are described in detail. In turn, key information was gathered on the Biobío recycling system, identifying its main characteristics and areas for improvement. The comparison between the two systems reveals significant differences in the percentage of waste recovered between the two regions. For the year 2023, a difference of 74% was observed. This is due to the fact that the Emilia-Romagna region has a more developed and efficient system than the Biobío region. The Biobío system currently faces challenges in terms of infrastructure, organization and citizen participation. The study addresses legal, systematic and resource considerations necessary for the implementation of a system similar to that of Emilia-Romagna in Biobío. Considerations are proposed at both the local and national levels to improve the current system. These recommendations include strengthening the legal framework, investing in infrastructure and technology, and implementing educational programs to encourage citizen participation in recycling.
This study focuses on a comparison of household waste recycling systems in the Biobío region in Chile and Emilia-Romagna in Italy, with the objective of identifying the characteristics of the Emilia-Romagna system that could be implemented in the Biobío region. To this end, an analysis of the functioning of both systems was carried out, covering technical, operational and management aspects. Due to limitations in obtaining information, the study focused on three specific characteristics: collection infrastructure, waste separation and treatment processes, and citizen education and awareness strategies. In the analysis of the Emilia-Romagna system, the technologies employed, collection logistics and public policies that have contributed to its success are described in detail. In turn, key information was gathered on the Biobío recycling system, identifying its main characteristics and areas for improvement. The comparison between the two systems reveals significant differences in the percentage of waste recovered between the two regions. For the year 2023, a difference of 74% was observed. This is due to the fact that the Emilia-Romagna region has a more developed and efficient system than the Biobío region. The Biobío system currently faces challenges in terms of infrastructure, organization and citizen participation. The study addresses legal, systematic and resource considerations necessary for the implementation of a system similar to that of Emilia-Romagna in Biobío. Considerations are proposed at both the local and national levels to improve the current system. These recommendations include strengthening the legal framework, investing in infrastructure and technology, and implementing educational programs to encourage citizen participation in recycling.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero/a Civil Industrial.
Keywords
Reciclaje, Eliminación de basuras, Minimización de desechos