Congruencia espacial entre oferta, demanda y beneficio de servicios ecosistémicos en cinco comunas del Área Metropolitana de Concepción.
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Date
2025
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El Área Metropolitana de Concepción (AMC) ha experimentado un crecimiento poblacional acelerado en las últimas décadas, impulsando la expansión urbana sobre coberturas naturales y seminaturales. Este crecimiento ha resultado en la pérdida de biodiversidad y la degradación de procesos ecológicos y servicios ecosistémicos. Estos procesos han llevado a la necesidad de comprender la congruencia espacial entre oferta, demanda y área de beneficio de servicios ecosistémicos para una adecuada planificación territorial y gestión ambiental sostenible. Este estudio analiza la relación espacial entre la oferta de servicios ecosistémicos demandados y su área de beneficio en cinco comunas del AMC. Para ello, se utilizaron herramientas SIG para espacializar la oferta y beneficio de los servicios ecosistémicos. La congruencia espacial fue evaluada mediante las tipologías de relaciones espaciales de servicios ecosistémicos. Los resultados revelan que, a medida que aumenta la ruralidad, la tipología más frecuente es el transporte de productos. Esto refleja una distribución desigual de aquellos servicios, ya que estas comunas dependen de otras para el suministro de alimento y agua. Además, se identificaron diferentes tipologías predominantes: direccional con dirección de impacto predominante en los servicios de regulación, direccional con dirección de uso predominante en los servicios culturales y de aprovisionamiento, además del transporte de productos. Estos hallazgos son fundamentales para la planificación del paisaje y la toma de decisiones en gestión ambiental.
The Metropolitan Area of Concepción (MCA) has experienced accelerated population growth in recent decades, driving urban sprawl over natural and semi natural land cover. This growth has resulted in the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of ecological processes and ecosystem services. These processes have led to the need to understand the spatial congruence between supply, demand and area of benefit of ecosystem services for proper territorial planning and sustainable environmental management. This study analyses the spatial relationship between the supply of ecosystem services demanded and their area of benefit in five municipalities of the MCA. For this purpose, a GIS tool was used to spatialize the supply and benefit of ecosystem services. Spatial congruence was assessed using the Types of Spatial Relations of ecosystem services. The results reveal that, as rurality increases, the most frequent typology is the transport of commodities. This reflects an unequal distribution of those services, as these municipalities depend on others for food and water supply. In addition, different predominant typologies were identified: directional with a predominant impact direction on regulating services, directional with a predominant use direction on cultural and provisioning services, in addition to transport of commodities These findings are fundamental for landscape planning and environmental management decision-making.
The Metropolitan Area of Concepción (MCA) has experienced accelerated population growth in recent decades, driving urban sprawl over natural and semi natural land cover. This growth has resulted in the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of ecological processes and ecosystem services. These processes have led to the need to understand the spatial congruence between supply, demand and area of benefit of ecosystem services for proper territorial planning and sustainable environmental management. This study analyses the spatial relationship between the supply of ecosystem services demanded and their area of benefit in five municipalities of the MCA. For this purpose, a GIS tool was used to spatialize the supply and benefit of ecosystem services. Spatial congruence was assessed using the Types of Spatial Relations of ecosystem services. The results reveal that, as rurality increases, the most frequent typology is the transport of commodities. This reflects an unequal distribution of those services, as these municipalities depend on others for food and water supply. In addition, different predominant typologies were identified: directional with a predominant impact direction on regulating services, directional with a predominant use direction on cultural and provisioning services, in addition to transport of commodities These findings are fundamental for landscape planning and environmental management decision-making.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero/a en Conservación de Recursos Naturales.
Keywords
Gestión ambiental, Conservación de la biodiversidad, Ordenamiento territorial