Efecto del estrés hídrico en arroz y uso de herramientas de detección remota para estimación de rendimiento
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Date
2025
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El arroz (Oryza sativa L.) es un cereal de gran importancia económica a nivel nacional, pues aproximadamente dos tercios de la demanda es importada. Su cultivo se lleva a cabo principalmente bajo inundación, lo que implica una alta demanda de agua. Dado el escenario actual de escasez hídrica, se requiere el desarrollo de variedades más productivas en condiciones de déficit hídrico. Este estudio tiene como propósito determinar el efecto del estrés hídrico en genotipos de arroz y el potencial uso de imágenes aéreas para estimar el rendimiento bajo estas condiciones. Se estudiaron 20 genotipos de arroz, incluyendo tres variedades comerciales y 17 líneas experimentales, durante dos temporadas. Se determinaron variables agronómicas, productivas y de calidad de grano y se capturaron imágenes RGB de las parcelas. Varias de las variables evaluadas mostraron diferencias significativas entre genotipos, así como entre temporadas. El rendimiento del grano no mostró diferencias significativas, pero disminuyó en comparación con el potencial bajo condiciones de inundación. Hubo baja asociación entre los parámetros obtenidos de imágenes RGB y el rendimiento. Se requiere evaluar una mayor cantidad genotipos arroz en condiciones de déficit hídrico con el fin de identificar aquellos con potencial para el desarrollo de variedades adecuadas para estas condiciones.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a cereal of great economic importance at the national level since approximately two-thirds of the demand is imported. Its cultivation is mainly under flooding, which implies a high water demand. Given the current water scarcity scenario, developing more productive varieties under water deficit conditions is required. This study aims to determine the effect of water stress on rice genotypes and the potential use of aerial imagery to estimate yield under these conditions. Twenty rice genotypes, including three commercial varieties and 17 experimental lines, were studied during two seasons. Agronomic, yield, and grain quality traits were determined, and RGB images of the plots were captured. Several of the variables evaluated showed significant differences between genotypes, as well as between seasons. Grain yield did not show significant differences but decreased with respect to the yield potential under flooded conditions. There was a low association between parameters obtained from RGB images and yield. It is necessary to evaluate more rice genotypes under water deficit conditions to identify genotypes with potential for developing varieties suitable for these conditions.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a cereal of great economic importance at the national level since approximately two-thirds of the demand is imported. Its cultivation is mainly under flooding, which implies a high water demand. Given the current water scarcity scenario, developing more productive varieties under water deficit conditions is required. This study aims to determine the effect of water stress on rice genotypes and the potential use of aerial imagery to estimate yield under these conditions. Twenty rice genotypes, including three commercial varieties and 17 experimental lines, were studied during two seasons. Agronomic, yield, and grain quality traits were determined, and RGB images of the plots were captured. Several of the variables evaluated showed significant differences between genotypes, as well as between seasons. Grain yield did not show significant differences but decreased with respect to the yield potential under flooded conditions. There was a low association between parameters obtained from RGB images and yield. It is necessary to evaluate more rice genotypes under water deficit conditions to identify genotypes with potential for developing varieties suitable for these conditions.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Agrónomo
Keywords
Arroz, Granos, Riego - Administración