Análisis de las cargas vivas en puentes carreteros chilenos desagregados según macrozona.
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Date
2024
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los puentes son fundamentales para el desarrollo de un territorio. Su vida útil se ve afectada por las cargas de tráfico a las que están expuestos. Para mantener la seguridad y capacidad de servicio, es esencial conocer las cargas reales que soportan. En Chile, los puentes se diseñan según el Manual de Carreteras, basado en antiguas especificaciones de diseño de Estados Unidos y su patrón de carga vehicular propuesto en 1944. Este patrón de carga fue actualizado en Estados Unidos en 1993. Sin embargo, ambos patrones se propusieron con datos limitados y no hay información sobre si son o no apropiados para representar las cargas de tráfico nacionales.
La Dirección de Vialidad controla y registra rutinariamente el pesaje de camiones. Cada pesada incluye un número correlativo de la lectura, la patente del vehículo, la fecha y hora de la pesada, la velocidad de circulación sobre la balanza, el largo estimado del vehículo y la tipología vehicular según la clasificación del Ministerio de Obras Públicas. Estos datos son la base de este estudio.
El objetivo es realizar un análisis de las cargas vivas en los puentes carreteros de Chile utilizando datos de pesaje obtenidos de ocho estaciones de pesaje fijas ubicadas en las macroregiones del país. El análisis consideró el peso bruto total, el peso por eje, la frecuencia de tránsito y la tipología vehicular. Los datos son analizados mediante scripts de programación en Python. Los resultados se presentan mediante mapas y gráficos, y se realiza una comparación geográfica de las variables de interés.
En conclusión, este estudio aborda la relevancia de conocer las cargas reales a las que están expuestos los puentes carreteros en Chile, tomando en cuenta que su diseño se basa en especificaciones obsoletas de Estados Unidos. A través del análisis de datos de pesaje recopilados en estaciones fijas distribuidas por las macrozonas del país. Los resultados, se presentan en mapas y gráficos, los cuales subrayan la necesidad de actualizar las normas de diseño para reflejar mejor las condiciones actuales del tráfico vehicular en Chile.
Bridges are fundamental to the development of a region, but their lifespan is affected by the traffic loads they endure. To maintain their safety and service capacity, it is essential to understand the actual loads they bear. In Chile, bridges are designed according to the Highway Manual based on outdated design specifications from the United States and a vehicular load pattern proposed in 1944. This load pattern was updated in the United States in 1993. However, both patterns were proposed with limited data, and there is no information on their suitability for representing national traffic loads. The Directorate of Roads routinely monitors and records the weighing of trucks throughout the country. Each weighing includes a sequential reading number, the vehicle's license plate, the date and time of the weighing, the car's speed over the scale, the estimated length of the vehicle, and the vehicle type according to the classification of the Chile’s Ministry of Public Works. These data form the basis of this study. The objective is to analyse the live loads on road bridges in Chile using weighing data from eight fixed weighing stations in the country's macro-regions. The analysis will consider the total gross weight, axle weight, traffic frequency, and vehicle type. The data will be analyzed using Python programming scripts. The results will be presented through maps and graphs, and a geographical comparison will be cond<ucted based on the variables of interest. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of understanding the actual loads that road bridges in Chile are subjected to, especially considering that their design relies on outdated specifications from the United States. By analyzing weighbridge data collected from fixed stations across the country’s macro-regions, the study will present results through maps and graphs. These findings emphasize the need to update design standards to better reflect current traffic conditions in Chile and ensure the safety and efficacy of bridge infrastructure.
Bridges are fundamental to the development of a region, but their lifespan is affected by the traffic loads they endure. To maintain their safety and service capacity, it is essential to understand the actual loads they bear. In Chile, bridges are designed according to the Highway Manual based on outdated design specifications from the United States and a vehicular load pattern proposed in 1944. This load pattern was updated in the United States in 1993. However, both patterns were proposed with limited data, and there is no information on their suitability for representing national traffic loads. The Directorate of Roads routinely monitors and records the weighing of trucks throughout the country. Each weighing includes a sequential reading number, the vehicle's license plate, the date and time of the weighing, the car's speed over the scale, the estimated length of the vehicle, and the vehicle type according to the classification of the Chile’s Ministry of Public Works. These data form the basis of this study. The objective is to analyse the live loads on road bridges in Chile using weighing data from eight fixed weighing stations in the country's macro-regions. The analysis will consider the total gross weight, axle weight, traffic frequency, and vehicle type. The data will be analyzed using Python programming scripts. The results will be presented through maps and graphs, and a geographical comparison will be cond<ucted based on the variables of interest. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of understanding the actual loads that road bridges in Chile are subjected to, especially considering that their design relies on outdated specifications from the United States. By analyzing weighbridge data collected from fixed stations across the country’s macro-regions, the study will present results through maps and graphs. These findings emphasize the need to update design standards to better reflect current traffic conditions in Chile and ensure the safety and efficacy of bridge infrastructure.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniera Civil
Keywords
Cargas vivas (Puentes), Puentes Chile, Python (Lenguaje de programación para computadores)