Reconocimiento y valoración de los espacios verdes informales del barrio Agüita de la Perdiz (Concepción): Un Análisis Espacial y Comunitario.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los espacios verdes en las ciudades son relevantes para resguardar la sustentabilidad urbana y brindar diversos servicios ecosistémicos. Sin embargo, en muchas ciudades aún existen brechas que limitan el acceso a espacios verdes originándose injusticias ambientales, afectando particularmente a los barrios de bajos ingresos. En la literatura ha surgido el concepto de los espacios verdes informales, referidos a aquellos no planificados ni reconocidos oficialmente por las autoridades. Estos espacios pueden ofrecer servicios ecosistémicos complementarios y su evaluación es crucial para entender sus contribuciones en el entorno urbano. El siguiente estudio abordó el reconocimiento de espacios verdes informales en el barrio Agüita de la Perdiz (Concepción), el cual posee características de asentamiento informal y no posee espacios verdes mantenidos por las autoridades. El objetivo general del trabajo fue reconocer y valorar los espacios verdes informales al interior del barrio, integrando técnicas de levantamiento de información, que incluyan la observación directa y los saberes de la comunidad. Se utilizaron metodologías combinadas para explorar estos espacios y caracterizarlos. Estas fueron: levantamiento in situ y mapeo participativo con la comunidad del barrio. A partir de la información recogida por ambas técnicas, se abordó un análisis sobre 23 espacios verdes informales encontrados en el barrio. Los resultados evidencian la importancia de los espacios verdes pequeños, de tamaños que van desde 1 m2 hasta 145 m2, los cuales son apropiados y transformados por acciones comunitarias en jardines y se ubican en los bordes de calles, escaleras y micrositios. Mientras que los espacios más grandes como terrenos abandonados están más distantes de las viviendas, pero contribuyen a la socialización y el contacto con la naturaleza. Estas expresiones son similares a las encontradas en otros asentamientos informales de Latinoamérica, lo que refuerza la importancia de la participación comunitaria en la creación y mantenimiento de estos espacios cuando no existen espacios verdes formales. Los hallazgos instan a los investigadores a ampliar el concepto de espacios verdes informales en contextos de asentamientos informales, a visibilizar el rol de los espacios pequeños y las acciones comunitarias que contribuyen a su preservación y valoración. También se recomienda a los planificadores considerar las experiencias y formas de habitar de las comunidades con sus espacios verdes pequeños, para que cuando se proyecten espacios verdes como plazas o parques, los primeros puedan complementar a los segundos en términos de beneficios ecosistémicos. El estudio contribuye a una mejor comprensión del concepto de espacios verdes informales y su relevancia en contextos de un asentamiento informal latinoamericano.
Green spaces in urban areas are crucial for ensuring urban sustainability and providing various ecosystem services. However, many cities still face gaps that limit access to green spaces, leading to environmental injustices that particularly impact low-income neighborhoods. The concept of informal green spaces has emerged in the literature, referring to those that are unplanned and not officially recognized by authorities. These spaces can offer complementary ecosystem services, and their evaluation is essential to understand their contributions to the urban environment. This study examined the recognition of informal green spaces in the Agüita de la Perdiz neighborhood (Concepción), which has characteristics of an informal settlement and lacks green spaces maintained by authorities. The primary objective of the research was to identify and assess the informal green spaces within the neighborhood, integrating information-gathering techniques, including direct observation and community knowledge. Combined methodologies were used to explore and characterize these spaces: in-situ surveys and participatory mapping with the neighborhood community. Based on the information collected through both techniques, an analysis of 23 informal green spaces found in the neighborhood was conducted. The results highlight the importance of small green spaces, ranging in size from 1 m² to 145 m², which are appropriated and transformed by community actions into gardens and are located along streets, staircases, and micro-sites. Larger spaces, such as abandoned lots, are more distant from homes but contribute to socialization and contact with nature. These expressions are like those found in other informal settlements in Latin America, reinforcing the importance of community participation in the creation and maintenance of these spaces when formal green spaces are absent. The findings encourage researchers to expand the concept of informal green spaces in the context of informal settlements and to highlight the role of small spaces and community actions that contribute to their preservation and valuation. It is also recommended that planners consider the experiences and ways communities inhabit their small green spaces so that when designing green spaces like plazas or parks, the former can complement the latter in terms of ecosystem benefits. The study contributes to a better understanding of the concept of informal green spaces and their relevance in the context of a Latin American informal settlement.
Green spaces in urban areas are crucial for ensuring urban sustainability and providing various ecosystem services. However, many cities still face gaps that limit access to green spaces, leading to environmental injustices that particularly impact low-income neighborhoods. The concept of informal green spaces has emerged in the literature, referring to those that are unplanned and not officially recognized by authorities. These spaces can offer complementary ecosystem services, and their evaluation is essential to understand their contributions to the urban environment. This study examined the recognition of informal green spaces in the Agüita de la Perdiz neighborhood (Concepción), which has characteristics of an informal settlement and lacks green spaces maintained by authorities. The primary objective of the research was to identify and assess the informal green spaces within the neighborhood, integrating information-gathering techniques, including direct observation and community knowledge. Combined methodologies were used to explore and characterize these spaces: in-situ surveys and participatory mapping with the neighborhood community. Based on the information collected through both techniques, an analysis of 23 informal green spaces found in the neighborhood was conducted. The results highlight the importance of small green spaces, ranging in size from 1 m² to 145 m², which are appropriated and transformed by community actions into gardens and are located along streets, staircases, and micro-sites. Larger spaces, such as abandoned lots, are more distant from homes but contribute to socialization and contact with nature. These expressions are like those found in other informal settlements in Latin America, reinforcing the importance of community participation in the creation and maintenance of these spaces when formal green spaces are absent. The findings encourage researchers to expand the concept of informal green spaces in the context of informal settlements and to highlight the role of small spaces and community actions that contribute to their preservation and valuation. It is also recommended that planners consider the experiences and ways communities inhabit their small green spaces so that when designing green spaces like plazas or parks, the former can complement the latter in terms of ecosystem benefits. The study contributes to a better understanding of the concept of informal green spaces and their relevance in the context of a Latin American informal settlement.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Análisis Geográfico
Keywords
Áreas verdes, Sustentabilidad, Urbanización