Carbapenemasas en Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistente a carbapenémicos en Latinoamérica.
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La resistencia a carbapenémicos en Pseudomonas aeruginosa es de gran importancia en el ámbito clínico, ya que corresponden a los antibióticos de primera línea para el tratamiento de infecciones graves causadas por esta especie, influyendo en un aumento en la mortalidad y morbilidad en pacientes infectados por este microorganismo. P. aeruginosa presenta resistencia a través de una serie de mecanismos, siendo uno de los más importantes actualmente la producción y/o adquisición de carbapenemasas, las cuales son enzimas capaces de hidrolizar a los carbapenémicos y a casi todos los 𝛽-lactámicos. Estas enzimas se han diseminado por el mundo, y hoy en día también se encuentran ampliamente distribuidas en Latinoamérica, encontrando cepas de P. aeruginosa productoras de carbapenemasas principalmente de la clase A, tales como KPC y GES, y de la clase B, representadas por IMP, VIM, GIM, SPM y NDM. Diversas cepas de P. aeruginosa resistentes a casi todos los antibióticos se han informado en Latinoamérica, siendo a su vez asociadas a clones de ‘‘alto riesgo’’, en donde la adquisición de carbapenemasas pareciera ser uno de los mecanismos emergentes más importantes en esta especie.
Resistance to carbapenems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is of great importance in the clinical setting, since it corresponds to first-line antibiotics for the treatment of serious infections caused by this species, influencing an increase in mortality and morbidity in patients infected by this microorganism. P.aeruginosa presents resistance through a series of mechanisms, one of the most important currently being the production and/or acquisition of carbapenemases, which are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing carbapenems and almost all β-lactams. These enzymes have spread throughout the world, and today they are also widely distributed in Latin America, finding strains of P. aeruginosa that produce carbapenemases, mainly class A, such as KPC and GES, and class B, represented by IMP, VIM, GIM, SPM and NDM. Various strains of P. aeruginosa resistant to almost all antibiotics have been reported in Latin America, being in turn associated with "high risk" clones, where the acquisition of carbapenemases seems to be one of the most important emerging mechanisms in this specie.
Resistance to carbapenems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is of great importance in the clinical setting, since it corresponds to first-line antibiotics for the treatment of serious infections caused by this species, influencing an increase in mortality and morbidity in patients infected by this microorganism. P.aeruginosa presents resistance through a series of mechanisms, one of the most important currently being the production and/or acquisition of carbapenemases, which are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing carbapenems and almost all β-lactams. These enzymes have spread throughout the world, and today they are also widely distributed in Latin America, finding strains of P. aeruginosa that produce carbapenemases, mainly class A, such as KPC and GES, and class B, represented by IMP, VIM, GIM, SPM and NDM. Various strains of P. aeruginosa resistant to almost all antibiotics have been reported in Latin America, being in turn associated with "high risk" clones, where the acquisition of carbapenemases seems to be one of the most important emerging mechanisms in this specie.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Bioquímico/a.
Keywords
Farmacorresistencia microbiana, Enzimas, Microorganismos, Pseudomonas aeruginosa