Percibiendo las invasiones biológicas: interés de las comunidades rurales en participar en programas de control comunitario de Pinus Radiata.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Las zonas templadas se enfrentan actualmente a una crisis generalizada, relacionada con fenómenos climáticos extremos, sequías y graves incendios forestales que favorecen el establecimiento y la propagación de árboles no nativos invasores utilizados comercialmente, como el Pinus radiata, afectando tanto a la biodiversidad como al bienestar de las comunidades locales. Ante este escenario, es crucial comprender la percepción de los árboles invasores y el conocimiento que tienen las comunidades de las invasiones de árboles y plantas, así como su disposición a gestionarlas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las características demográficas y los factores que influyen en la percepción e interés de las comunidades rurales de la zona central de Chile para participar en programas comunitarios de control de Pinus radiata; una especie invasora y comercial. Para ello, se realizaron 220 encuestas cara a cara en tres zonas rurales afectadas por incendios forestales de diferentes intensidades; Santa Juana (n=62), Constitución (n=78) y Tucapel (n=80).
Las comunidades que viven en las zonas afectadas por mega incendios forestales mostraron mayor interés en participar en estrategias comunitarias de control de Pinus radiata. También, las personas entre 25 y 50 años, las mujeres, quienes piensan que las especies no nativas impactan en la biodiversidad, quienes piensan que la presencia de Pinos afecta a las tradiciones de la comunidad y quienes creen que la responsabilidad del control es individual, estatal y empresarial. Mientras que, quienes se benefician del uso de los pinos como combustible, material de construcción y zonas recreativas mostraron bajo interés. Nuestros resultados sugieren que, para promover los programas de control de Pinus radiata, deberían llevarse a cabo actividades en las zonas afectadas por mega incendios, dirigidas a personas jóvenes y a mujeres. Estos talleres deberían abordar los beneficios e impactos negativos de la especie en el ecosistema y el bienestar humano, su uso como combustible, material de construcción y recreativo, y las responsabilidades personales, estatales y empresariales asociadas a su gestión.
Temperate areas are currently facing a widespread crisis related to extreme climate events, droughts, and severe forest fires that benefit the establishment and spread of commercial invasive non-native trees, such as Pinus radiata, affecting both biodiversity and the well-being of local communities. Given this scenario, it is crucial to understand communities’ perceptions and knowledge of invasive trees and plants and their willingness to manage them. This research aimed to evaluate demographic characteristics and the factors that influence the perception and interest of rural communities in central Chile to participate in community programs to control Pinus radiata, a commercial and invasive species. For this purpose, 220 face-to-face surveys were conducted in three rural areas affected by forest fires, differing in severity and spread: Santa Juana (n=62), Constitución (n=78), and Tucapel (n=80). Communities living in the areas most affected by mega forest fires showed greater interest in participating in community control strategies for Pinus radiata. This was also true for people between 25 and 50 years old, women, those who think that non-native species impact biodiversity, those who think that the presence of wildfire Pines affected community traditions and those who believe that the responsibility for control is individual, state, and corporate. On the other hand, those who benefit from using pine as fuel, construction material, and for recreational areas showed less interest. Our results suggest that to promote Pinus radiata control programs, activities, especially workshops, should be carried out in areas affected by mega-fires, targeting younger age groups and women. These workshops should address the benefits and negative impacts of the species on the ecosystem and human well-being, its use as a fuel, as a construction material, and for recreational purposes, as well as the personal, state, and corporate responsibilities associated with its management.
Temperate areas are currently facing a widespread crisis related to extreme climate events, droughts, and severe forest fires that benefit the establishment and spread of commercial invasive non-native trees, such as Pinus radiata, affecting both biodiversity and the well-being of local communities. Given this scenario, it is crucial to understand communities’ perceptions and knowledge of invasive trees and plants and their willingness to manage them. This research aimed to evaluate demographic characteristics and the factors that influence the perception and interest of rural communities in central Chile to participate in community programs to control Pinus radiata, a commercial and invasive species. For this purpose, 220 face-to-face surveys were conducted in three rural areas affected by forest fires, differing in severity and spread: Santa Juana (n=62), Constitución (n=78), and Tucapel (n=80). Communities living in the areas most affected by mega forest fires showed greater interest in participating in community control strategies for Pinus radiata. This was also true for people between 25 and 50 years old, women, those who think that non-native species impact biodiversity, those who think that the presence of wildfire Pines affected community traditions and those who believe that the responsibility for control is individual, state, and corporate. On the other hand, those who benefit from using pine as fuel, construction material, and for recreational areas showed less interest. Our results suggest that to promote Pinus radiata control programs, activities, especially workshops, should be carried out in areas affected by mega-fires, targeting younger age groups and women. These workshops should address the benefits and negative impacts of the species on the ecosystem and human well-being, its use as a fuel, as a construction material, and for recreational purposes, as well as the personal, state, and corporate responsibilities associated with its management.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Ciencias Forestales
Keywords
Pinus radiata, Organismos introducidos, Percepción social, Incendios forestales, Cambios climáticos