Restauración de relatos de tradición oral rapanui. Análisis Tapati Rapa Nui.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La riqueza cultural y el patrimonio material e inmaterial de la cultura rapanui tienen una magia fascinante que ha cautivado a investigadores e investigadoras de todo el mundo desde el siglo XIX hasta la actualidad. A través de distintos lenguajes como la danza, el canto, los textiles, los juegos y los pictogramas, los habitantes de la isla más lejana del mundo han dejado huellas que llegan hasta nuestros días, principalmente gracias a la tradición oral.
Esta investigación confirma la presencia de literatura oral en diversos repertorios presentados durante la Tapati Rapanui, una de las fiestas anuales más importantes para la cultura rapanui y una de las más visitadas por turistas de todo el mundo. Los repertorios se exhiben en esta celebración a través de distintas competencias, nosotros nos centramos en cuatro: Pintura corporal, Juego de hilos, Canto y Danza.
Para ello, se realizó un trabajo de campo y una investigación de archivos tanto en Chile continental como en Isla de Pascua. El texto recoge voces, descripciones y material visual que permiten concluir la existencia de literatura oral en la Tapati Rapanui, considerando diversas fuentes y perspectivas, las que abarcan saberes y experiencias de jóvenes y personas mayores que han colaborado tanto en esta investigación como en estudios previos, cuyos registros se conservan en bibliotecas y museos.
The cultural richness and the tangible and intangible heritage of Rapanui culture possess a fascinating magic that has captivated researchers from around the world since the 19th century to the present day. Through various forms of expression such as dance, song, textiles, games, and pictograms, the inhabitants of the most remote island on the planet have left traces that endure to this day, mainly through oral tradition. This research confirms the presence of oral literature in various repertoires showcased during Tapati Rapanui, one of the most important annual festivals of Rapanui culture and one of the most visited by tourists worldwide. These repertoires are displayed through a variety of competitions, with this study focusing on four: Body Painting, String Figures, Singing, and Dancing. To this end, fieldwork and archival research were carried out both in continental Chile and on Easter Island. This text compiles voices, descriptions, and visual material that support the conclusion of the existence of oral literature in Tapati Rapanui, drawing from multiple sources and perspectives. These include the knowledge and experiences of both young people and elders who have contributed to this research as well as to previous studies, whose records are preserved in libraries and museums.
The cultural richness and the tangible and intangible heritage of Rapanui culture possess a fascinating magic that has captivated researchers from around the world since the 19th century to the present day. Through various forms of expression such as dance, song, textiles, games, and pictograms, the inhabitants of the most remote island on the planet have left traces that endure to this day, mainly through oral tradition. This research confirms the presence of oral literature in various repertoires showcased during Tapati Rapanui, one of the most important annual festivals of Rapanui culture and one of the most visited by tourists worldwide. These repertoires are displayed through a variety of competitions, with this study focusing on four: Body Painting, String Figures, Singing, and Dancing. To this end, fieldwork and archival research were carried out both in continental Chile and on Easter Island. This text compiles voices, descriptions, and visual material that support the conclusion of the existence of oral literature in Tapati Rapanui, drawing from multiple sources and perspectives. These include the knowledge and experiences of both young people and elders who have contributed to this research as well as to previous studies, whose records are preserved in libraries and museums.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Doctor/a en Literatura Latinoamericana.
Keywords
Literatura popular, Tradición oral, Patrimonio cultural, Rapanui