Rol de los senderos de montaña en la redistribución de plantas no nativas en ecosistemas andinos de áreas protegidas del centro sur de Chile.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los ecosistemas de alta montaña han estado históricamente libres de la presencia de plantas no nativas, principalmente debido a las condiciones climáticas extremas y bajos niveles de perturbaciones antropogénicas. Sin embargo, las actividades de montaña y la presencia de senderos han permitido que algunas plantas no nativas de zonas bajas se redistribuyan en las zonas altas. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el rol de los senderos en la redistribución de plantas no nativas en tres áreas protegidas del centro-sur de Chile. Para analizar estos patrones, fueron seleccionados tres senderos en el Parque Nacional Laguna Laja, la Reserva Nacional Ralco y el Parque Nacional Conguillío, se aplicó el protocolo MIREN-trail. En cada sendero, se instalaron 10 parcelas compuestas por tres subparcelas de 2x10 m2, una paralela al sendero y dos perpendiculares, donde cuantificamos la riqueza y abundancia de plantas no nativas y nativas. Los resultados indican que la riqueza y abundancia de plantas no nativas disminuye con la elevación. Además, determinamos que la riqueza de plantas no nativas disminuye en las parcelas no perturbadas. Al analizar la importancia de las variables, determinamos que la riqueza de plantas no nativas está principalmente influenciada por factores antrópicos junto con variables abióticas. Estos resultados resaltan el rol de los senderos en explicar la riqueza y abundancia de plantas no nativas.
High-altitude ecosystems are historically ecosystems that have been free from the presence of non-native plants, mainly due to extreme climatic conditions and low levels of anthropogenic disturbances. However, mountain activities and the presence of trails have allowed some non-native plants from lowlands to distribute to highlands. The objective of this study is to analyze the role of trails in the redistribution of non-native plants in three protected areas in central-southern Chile. To analyze these patterns, we selected three trails in Laguna Laja National Park, Ralco National Reserve, and Conguillio National Park, and applied the MIREN-trail protocol. In each trail, we installed 10 plots composed of three subplots of 2x10 m2, one parallel to the trail and two perpendiculars to the trail, where we quantified the richness and abundance of non-native and native plants. Preliminary results indicated that richness and abundance decreased with elevation. Additionally, we determined that non-native plant richness decreases in interior plots (perpendicular to the trail). When analyzing the importance of variables, we determined that non-native plant richness is mainly influenced by anthropogenic disturbances and abiotic conditions.
High-altitude ecosystems are historically ecosystems that have been free from the presence of non-native plants, mainly due to extreme climatic conditions and low levels of anthropogenic disturbances. However, mountain activities and the presence of trails have allowed some non-native plants from lowlands to distribute to highlands. The objective of this study is to analyze the role of trails in the redistribution of non-native plants in three protected areas in central-southern Chile. To analyze these patterns, we selected three trails in Laguna Laja National Park, Ralco National Reserve, and Conguillio National Park, and applied the MIREN-trail protocol. In each trail, we installed 10 plots composed of three subplots of 2x10 m2, one parallel to the trail and two perpendiculars to the trail, where we quantified the richness and abundance of non-native and native plants. Preliminary results indicated that richness and abundance decreased with elevation. Additionally, we determined that non-native plant richness decreases in interior plots (perpendicular to the trail). When analyzing the importance of variables, we determined that non-native plant richness is mainly influenced by anthropogenic disturbances and abiotic conditions.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título profesional de Ingeniero en Conservación de Recursos Naturales
Keywords
Áreas protegidas Chile, Ecosistemas Cordillera de los Andes, Monitoreo ambiental Chile