Búsqueda de profagos asociados a carbapenemasas en Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.
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Date
2023
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Por décadas la resistencia a los antibióticos ha sido un desafío complejo en el mundo científico que se dedica a dilucidar los distintos mecanismos y formas por las cuales las bacterias llegan a resistir las terapias antibióticas disponibles, sobre todo las de última línea que incluye a los carbapenémicos. Los esfuerzos para describir nuevos mecanismos de resistencia o monitorear cambios en los ya descritos ha sido una ardua labor, especialmente el incremento de aparición de carbapenemasas. La movilidad y transferencia de los genes de resistencia a antibióticos crece en enigmas, a pesar de conocerse algunas formas de transferencia horizontal de genes. Como objetivo planteamos la búsqueda de profagos asociados a carbapenemasas. Se analizó el genoma de 40 cepas de P. aeruginosa resistentes a carbapenémicos aisladas de hospitales chilenos, de estas 34 portaban carbapenemasas. El análisis filogenético identificó 19 cepas pertenecientes a un ST-654 considerado de alto riesgo y las restantes se clasificaron en otros que también incluyen clones peligrosos. Del total de cepas productoras de carbapenemasas, dos cepas por análisis in silico tienen un potencial de asociación entre profagos y el gen blaVIM. Pudo concluirse que el análisis in silico es una forma de aproximación interesante para detectar la relación entre profagos y determinantes de resistencia a antibióticos, ya que idealmente se requiere el cierre del cromosoma y/o plásmidos para confirmar los resultados, lo cual requiere de otra técnica de secuenciación.
For decades, antibiotic resistance has been a complex challenge in the scientific world dedicated to elucidating the different mechanisms and ways by which bacteria come to resist available antibiotic therapies, especially those of the latest line, including carbapenems. Efforts to describe new mechanisms of resistance or monitor changes in those already described have been an arduous task, especially the increased emergence of carbapenemases. The mobility and transfer of antibiotic resistance genes is increasingly enigmatic, even though some forms of horizontal gene transfer are known. Our objective was to search for carbapenemase-associated prophage prophages. We analyzed the genome of 40 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated from Chilean hospitals, 34 of which carried carbapenemases. The phylogenetic analysis identified 19 strains belonging to an ST-654 considered high risk and the remaining strains were classified in others that also include dangerous clones. Of the total number of carbapenemase-producing strains, two strains have a potential association between prophages and the blaVIM gene based on in silico analysis. It is concluded that the use of in silico analysis is an interesting approach to detect the potential relationships between prophages and antibiotic resistance determinants. However, to confirm the results, chromosome and/or plasmid closure is ideally required, which may necessitate additional sequencing techniques.
For decades, antibiotic resistance has been a complex challenge in the scientific world dedicated to elucidating the different mechanisms and ways by which bacteria come to resist available antibiotic therapies, especially those of the latest line, including carbapenems. Efforts to describe new mechanisms of resistance or monitor changes in those already described have been an arduous task, especially the increased emergence of carbapenemases. The mobility and transfer of antibiotic resistance genes is increasingly enigmatic, even though some forms of horizontal gene transfer are known. Our objective was to search for carbapenemase-associated prophage prophages. We analyzed the genome of 40 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated from Chilean hospitals, 34 of which carried carbapenemases. The phylogenetic analysis identified 19 strains belonging to an ST-654 considered high risk and the remaining strains were classified in others that also include dangerous clones. Of the total number of carbapenemase-producing strains, two strains have a potential association between prophages and the blaVIM gene based on in silico analysis. It is concluded that the use of in silico analysis is an interesting approach to detect the potential relationships between prophages and antibiotic resistance determinants. However, to confirm the results, chromosome and/or plasmid closure is ideally required, which may necessitate additional sequencing techniques.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Bioquímico/a.
Keywords
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Farmacorresistencia microbiana, Genomas, Hospitales