Desarrollo de películas activas a base de ácido poliláctico con incorporación de aceite esencial de limón.
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Date
2025
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los aceites esenciales (A.E) son metabolitos secundarios de las plantas con diversas propiedades, entre ellas, la acción antifúngica. Por ello, su incorporación en biopolímeros de origen natural, como el ácido poliláctico (PLA), permite desarrollar películas activas útiles como envases de exportación. El objetivo de este estudio fue incorporar aceite esencial de limón (Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck.) al 10 % en una matriz de PLA y evaluar su actividad antifúngica. Para ello, se identificó y cuantificó el aceite esencial en las películas mediante la extracción de aromas, encontrándose diferencias significativas en la presencia de limoneno, compuesto clave por sus propiedades antifúngicas. A través de un ensayo de postcosecha en frutillas (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv, ‘Albion’ almacenadas durante 14 días se observó que, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos PLA-Bk (Bolsa biodegradable sin AE) y PLA + A.E (Bolsa biodegradable + Aceite esencial), (p < 0,05). Sin embargo, PLA + A.E, este último mostró un mejor comportamiento en peso y diámetro de los frutos (0,58 g y 0,94 mm respectivamente). Esta investigación promueve el uso de materiales naturales como el PLA para extender la vida útil de alimentos, mediante nuevas formulaciones sostenibles y funcionales.
Essential oils (EO) are secondary metabolites of plants with various properties, including antifungal action. Therefore, their incorporation into naturally occurring biopolymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA), allows the development of active films useful as export packaging. The objective of this study was to incorporate 10 % lemon essential oil (Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck.) into a PLA matrix and evaluate its antifungal activity. To this end, the essential oil in the films was identified and quantified by aroma extraction, revealing significant differences in the presence of limonene, a key compound due to its antifungal properties. Through a postharvest trial on strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv, ‘Albion’ stored for 14 days, it was observed that there were no significant differences between the PLA-Bk (biodegradable bag without EO) and PLA + E.O (biodegradable bag + essential oil) treatments (p < 0,05). However, PLA + E.O, showed better performance in terms of fruit weight and diameter (0,58 g and 0,94 mm, respectively). This research promotes the use of natural materials such as PLA to extend the shelf life of food through new sustainable and functional formulations.
Essential oils (EO) are secondary metabolites of plants with various properties, including antifungal action. Therefore, their incorporation into naturally occurring biopolymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA), allows the development of active films useful as export packaging. The objective of this study was to incorporate 10 % lemon essential oil (Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck.) into a PLA matrix and evaluate its antifungal activity. To this end, the essential oil in the films was identified and quantified by aroma extraction, revealing significant differences in the presence of limonene, a key compound due to its antifungal properties. Through a postharvest trial on strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv, ‘Albion’ stored for 14 days, it was observed that there were no significant differences between the PLA-Bk (biodegradable bag without EO) and PLA + E.O (biodegradable bag + essential oil) treatments (p < 0,05). However, PLA + E.O, showed better performance in terms of fruit weight and diameter (0,58 g and 0,94 mm, respectively). This research promotes the use of natural materials such as PLA to extend the shelf life of food through new sustainable and functional formulations.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero/a Agrónomo/a.
Keywords
Esencias, Biopolímeros, Fungicidas