Propuesta de una teoría emergente para la representación metafórica del trastorno del espectro autista.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue proponer una teoría emergente para la representación metafórica del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Se utilizó como marco general la Teoría Fundamentada de Glaser & Strauss (1967) y Corbin & Strauss (2015). (Glaser & Strauss, 1967)(Corbin & Strauss, 2015) La investigación se fundamentó en el paradigma cualitativo y se enmarcó en el enfoque fenomenológico interpretativo. Se circunscribe en el Enfoque Dinámico del Discurso, cuya premisa es la estabilidad y la interconexión de las perspectivas lingüística, cognitiva, afectiva y sociocultural en el uso de metáforas en el discurso. Este enfoque explora la existencia de patrones de uso del lenguaje metafórico en el discurso. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada y la discusión en grupos focales. En el análisis de los datos se empleó la metodología propuesta por Cameron & Maslen (2010) y Maslen (2017). Se entrevistaron 34 participantes: 24 madres y padres y 10 profesores de personas con TEA. Los resultados mostraron que existen patrones de uso en las metáforas para la representación del TEA. Se propusieron categorías como “Naturaleza”, “Viaje” “Contraposición de fuerzas”, “Dispositivos tecnológicos”, etc. Así la representación del TEA está estrechamente vinculada, principalmente, a la NATURALEZA, destacando su característica de impredecibilidad. Estos hallazgos permiten afirmar que el TEA es una condición sobre la cual los participantes tienen conocimiento, pero no tienen control en su ocurrencia y su intensidad.
This study aimed to propose an emerging theory for the metaphorical representation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The Grounded Theory by Glaser & Strauss (1967) and developed by Corbin & Strauss (2015) (Glaser & Strauss, 1967)(Corbin & Strauss, 2015) was used as a general framework. The research was grounded in the qualitative paradigm and framed within the interpretative phenomenological approach. It is also circumscribed in the Dynamic Discourse Approach, whose premise is the stability and interconnection of linguistic, cognitive, affective, and sociocultural perspectives in the use of metaphors in discourse. For data collection, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussion were used. For data analysis, the methodology proposed by Cameron & Maslen (2010) and Maslen (2017) was used. Thirty-four participants were interviewed: 24 people among mothers and parents and 10 teachers of people with ASD. The results showed that the representation of ASD is closely linked to, mainly to NATURE, emphasizing its characteristic of unpredictability. These findings allow us to affirm that ASD is a condition about which the participants are aware but have no control over its occurrence and intensity.
This study aimed to propose an emerging theory for the metaphorical representation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The Grounded Theory by Glaser & Strauss (1967) and developed by Corbin & Strauss (2015) (Glaser & Strauss, 1967)(Corbin & Strauss, 2015) was used as a general framework. The research was grounded in the qualitative paradigm and framed within the interpretative phenomenological approach. It is also circumscribed in the Dynamic Discourse Approach, whose premise is the stability and interconnection of linguistic, cognitive, affective, and sociocultural perspectives in the use of metaphors in discourse. For data collection, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussion were used. For data analysis, the methodology proposed by Cameron & Maslen (2010) and Maslen (2017) was used. Thirty-four participants were interviewed: 24 people among mothers and parents and 10 teachers of people with ASD. The results showed that the representation of ASD is closely linked to, mainly to NATURE, emphasizing its characteristic of unpredictability. These findings allow us to affirm that ASD is a condition about which the participants are aware but have no control over its occurrence and intensity.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Doctora en Lingüística
Keywords
Autismo, Terapia sistémica (Terapia familiar), Metáforas Uso terapéutico