Producción, purificación y caracterización del factor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro humano.
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Date
2023
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Existe una serie de proteínas pertenecientes a la familia de las neurotrofinas que se encargan de regular distintas funciones a nivel del sistema nervioso central (SNC). Entre estas distintas neurotrofinas se encuentra el factor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro (BDNF) el cual actúa en ciertas neuronas del SNC ayudando a modular la supervivencia de neuronas existentes, y promoviendo el crecimiento y diferenciación de nuevas neuronas. El BDNF puede unirse a dos receptores, el receptor tropomiosina quinasa B (TrkB) y el receptor de neurotrofina p75 (p75NTR), de manera que al unirse con TrkB se promueven las funciones de BDNF, mientras que la unión al p75NTR induce vías de señalización apoptóticas o de degeneración, lo que conlleva a desordenes neurológicos y neuropsiquiátricos. Se ha visto en estudios que la existencia de un polimorfismo en el pro-dominio del BDNF, denominado Val66Met (V66M) el cual podría estar relacionado con la generación de distintas enfermedades neurodegenerativas, lo cual aún no está muy claro. Se ha visto que los niveles de BDNF se han encontrado disminuidos en distintas enfermedades neurodegenerativas, tales como el trastorno depresivo mayor, enfermedad de Huntington, Alzheimer, entre otras. A raíz de estos hallazgos es que surge el interés de producir BDNF humano de manera recombinante pensando en una posible aplicación terapéutica más a futuro.
There is a series of proteins belonging to the neurotrophin family that are responsible for regulating different functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Among these neurotrophins there is the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which acts on certain neurons in the CNS helping to modulate the survival of existing neurons and promoting the growth and differentiation of new neurons. BDNF can bind to two receptors, the B tyrosine kinase receptor (TrkB) and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), so that when BDNF binds to TrkB, it’s functions are promoted, while binding to p75NTR induces apoptotic signaling pathways or degeneration, leading to neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Studies have shown that the existence of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the pro-domain of BDNF, known as Val66Met (V66M) that could be related with the development of various neurodegenerative disease, although this is still unclear. BDNF levels have been found to be decreased in different neurodegenerative diseases such as the Major Depressive Disorder, Huntington’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, and more. As result of these findings, interest arises of produce human BDNF via recombinant techniques thinking in a possible therapeutic application in a future.
There is a series of proteins belonging to the neurotrophin family that are responsible for regulating different functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Among these neurotrophins there is the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which acts on certain neurons in the CNS helping to modulate the survival of existing neurons and promoting the growth and differentiation of new neurons. BDNF can bind to two receptors, the B tyrosine kinase receptor (TrkB) and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), so that when BDNF binds to TrkB, it’s functions are promoted, while binding to p75NTR induces apoptotic signaling pathways or degeneration, leading to neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Studies have shown that the existence of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the pro-domain of BDNF, known as Val66Met (V66M) that could be related with the development of various neurodegenerative disease, although this is still unclear. BDNF levels have been found to be decreased in different neurodegenerative diseases such as the Major Depressive Disorder, Huntington’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, and more. As result of these findings, interest arises of produce human BDNF via recombinant techniques thinking in a possible therapeutic application in a future.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Bioquímico/a.
Keywords
Proteínas, Factores de Crecimiento Nervioso, Sistema Nervioso Central, Neuronas, Enfermedades neurodegenerativas