Aporte de las Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza en la planificación espacial y cambio climático.
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Este estudio aborda el rol y los aportes de las Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza (SbN) en la planificación territorial como una estrategia clave para mitigar riesgos climáticos y promover la sostenibilidad. Estas soluciones, definidas como acciones que aprovechan los ecosistemas para enfrentar desafíos sociales, han ganado protagonismo al complementar o sustituir enfoques tradicionales de ingeniería, destacando su efectividad en la mitigación de inundaciones, islas de calor y olas de calor, entre otros. Basándonos en una revisión sistemática de literatura mediante el marco PRISMA, se analizaron 115 artículos que identificaron 37 SbN como techos verdes, bosques urbanos e infraestructura verde, con una predominancia en contextos urbanos. Estos elementos no solo ofrecieron beneficios ecosistémicos como regulación de temperatura y control de escorrentías, sino que también abordaron amenazas climáticas desde un enfoque multidimensional. Sin embargo, se identificaron desafíos significativos para su implementación, tales como la falta de marcos regulatorios y resistencia al cambio, lo que subraya la necesidad de estrategias colaborativas entre gobiernos, comunidades y actores privados. Este estudio destaca además la importancia de las SbN en la resiliencia comunitaria y la adaptación al cambio climático, planteando la integración de estas estrategias en políticas y prácticas urbanas y rurales. Las recomendaciones incluyen fomentar investigaciones futuras que exploren los desafíos operacionales.
This study addresses the role and contributions of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) in territorial planning as a key strategy to mitigate climate risks and promote sustainability. These solutions, defined as actions that leverage ecosystems to tackle social challenges, have gained prominence by complementing or replacing traditional engineering approaches, highlighting their effectiveness in mitigating floods, heat islands, and heat waves, among others. Based on a systematic literature review using the PRISMA framework, 115 articles were analyzed, identifying 37 NBS such as green roofs, urban forests, and green infrastructure, with a predominance in urban contexts. These elements not only provided ecosystem benefits such as temperature regulation and runoff control but also addressed climate threats through a multidimensional approach. However, significant challenges for their implementation were identified, such as the lack of regulatory frameworks and resistance to change, underscoring the need for collaborative strategies among governments, communities, and private actors. This study further highlights the importance of NbS in community resilience and climate change adaptation, proposing the integration of these strategies into urban and rural policies and practices. Recommendations include encouraging future research to explore operational challenges and associated trade-offs, promoting a comprehensive approach that prioritizes equity, participation, and continuous monitoring.
This study addresses the role and contributions of Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) in territorial planning as a key strategy to mitigate climate risks and promote sustainability. These solutions, defined as actions that leverage ecosystems to tackle social challenges, have gained prominence by complementing or replacing traditional engineering approaches, highlighting their effectiveness in mitigating floods, heat islands, and heat waves, among others. Based on a systematic literature review using the PRISMA framework, 115 articles were analyzed, identifying 37 NBS such as green roofs, urban forests, and green infrastructure, with a predominance in urban contexts. These elements not only provided ecosystem benefits such as temperature regulation and runoff control but also addressed climate threats through a multidimensional approach. However, significant challenges for their implementation were identified, such as the lack of regulatory frameworks and resistance to change, underscoring the need for collaborative strategies among governments, communities, and private actors. This study further highlights the importance of NbS in community resilience and climate change adaptation, proposing the integration of these strategies into urban and rural policies and practices. Recommendations include encouraging future research to explore operational challenges and associated trade-offs, promoting a comprehensive approach that prioritizes equity, participation, and continuous monitoring.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero en Conservación de Recursos Naturales.
Keywords
Planificación comunitaria, Cambios climáticos, Sustentabilidad