De ruinas humanas y antiutopías: representaciones sobre la crisis de las esferas política y social en la novela latinoamericana reciente.
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Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Esta investigación examina la existencia de un nexo entre las representaciones de las ruinas humanas y el establecimiento de una crítica sobre la crisis de las utopías sociales y políticas en la novela latinoamericana del siglo XXI, a partir de la lectura a tres obras: Abril rojo (2006), del peruano Santiago Roncagliolo, La forma de las ruinas (2015), del colombiano Juan Gabriel Vásquez y Los caídos (2018), del cubano Carlos Manuel Álvarez. Primeramente, se realiza una sistematización de los referentes conceptuales y teóricos relativos a la evolución de las representaciones sobre las ruinas, la utopía y la violencia en la tradición estética y filosófica occidental. Dicho recorrido se acompaña, asimismo, de una atención a varios filósofos contemporáneos que han abordado estos conceptos en paralelo a una preocupación por la naturaleza y la vida humana. En un segundo instante, se caracteriza el desarrollo del imaginario latinoamericano sobre estos conceptos desde la interacción entre literatura y política, en tanto se resumen los aportes hechos por la crítica al análisis de las novelas seleccionadas. Todo ello, como preámbulo al análisis textual del corpus narrativo que busca identificar las diferentes ruinas humanas representadas e interpretar sus matices críticos y alegóricos respecto a temas como el sujeto, la memoria y el legado histórico de la violencia en los contextos sociopolíticos de Perú, Colombia y Cuba. Los análisis prestan atención a ruinas en sus dimensiones anatómicas, cognitivas y afectivas, que remiten al sentido trágico de la vida humana y hacen posible una invasión del pasado en el presente narrativo, con efectos en la comprensión crítica de la historia y la conversión del presente en antiutopía. La metodología asumida es transdisciplinar y parte de una consulta a las ideas filosóficas de autores como Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, Walter Benjamin, Ernst Bloch, María Zambrano, Emil Cioran y Jacques Rancière, entre otros.
This research examines the existence of a link between human ruin’s representations and the establishment of a criticism about the crisis of social and political utopias in the Latin American novel of 21st century, based on reading three works: Abril Rojo (2006) by the Peruvian Santiago Roncagliolo, La forma de las ruinas (2015) by the Colombian Juan Gabriel Vásquez and Los caídos (2018) by the Cuban Carlos Manuel Álvarez. Firstly, a systematization of main theoretical-conceptual references related to the evolution of representations of ruins, utopia and violence in the Western aesthetic and philosophical tradition is carried out. This journey is also accompanied by an attention to several contemporary philosophers and intellectuals who have addressed these three concepts in parallel with their concerns for nature and human life. In a second moment, the development of the Latin American imaginary on these concepts is characterized from the interaction between literature and politics, while the contributions made by literary studies to the analysis of the selected novels are summarized. All of this, as a preamble to the textual analysis of the narrative corpus in order to identify the different human ruins represented and to interpret their critical and allegorical nuances regarding topics such as: the subject, memory and historical legacy of violence in sociopolitical contexts of Peru, Colombia and Cuba. Textual analysis pays attention to ruins in their anatomical, cognitive and affective dimensions, which refers to the tragic meaning of human life and make possible an invasion of the past into the narrative present, with effects on the critical understanding of history and the conversion of the present in an anti-utopia. The methodology assumed is transdisciplinary and is based on the philosophical thought of authors as Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, Walter Benjamin, Ernst Bloch, María Zambrano, Emil Cioran, and Jacques Rancière, among others.
This research examines the existence of a link between human ruin’s representations and the establishment of a criticism about the crisis of social and political utopias in the Latin American novel of 21st century, based on reading three works: Abril Rojo (2006) by the Peruvian Santiago Roncagliolo, La forma de las ruinas (2015) by the Colombian Juan Gabriel Vásquez and Los caídos (2018) by the Cuban Carlos Manuel Álvarez. Firstly, a systematization of main theoretical-conceptual references related to the evolution of representations of ruins, utopia and violence in the Western aesthetic and philosophical tradition is carried out. This journey is also accompanied by an attention to several contemporary philosophers and intellectuals who have addressed these three concepts in parallel with their concerns for nature and human life. In a second moment, the development of the Latin American imaginary on these concepts is characterized from the interaction between literature and politics, while the contributions made by literary studies to the analysis of the selected novels are summarized. All of this, as a preamble to the textual analysis of the narrative corpus in order to identify the different human ruins represented and to interpret their critical and allegorical nuances regarding topics such as: the subject, memory and historical legacy of violence in sociopolitical contexts of Peru, Colombia and Cuba. Textual analysis pays attention to ruins in their anatomical, cognitive and affective dimensions, which refers to the tragic meaning of human life and make possible an invasion of the past into the narrative present, with effects on the critical understanding of history and the conversion of the present in an anti-utopia. The methodology assumed is transdisciplinary and is based on the philosophical thought of authors as Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, Walter Benjamin, Ernst Bloch, María Zambrano, Emil Cioran, and Jacques Rancière, among others.
Description
Tesis para optar al grado de Doctor en Literatura Latinoamericana
Keywords
Novela latinoamericana Siglo 21 Historia y crítica, Utopías en la literatura