Efectos del aumento del peso del eje frontal de buses interurbanos en puentes simplemente apoyados.
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Date
2025
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El transporte terrestre de personas vía buses interurbanos es de gran relevancia para la conectividad nacional. Debido a medidas de seguridad adicionales que se les están exigiendo a las empresas de transporte, principalmente en la cabina de los buses el peso del eje frontal de los buses interurbanos podría aumentar 350 kilogramos. Esta memoria tiene por objetivo evaluar efectos estructurales de este potencial aumento del peso del eje frontal de buses interurbanos en puentes, para aportar con información relevante a los organismos tomadores de decisión.
Utilizando datos de la estación de pesaje Curacaví se determinaron los efectos estructurales: (1) momentos flectores; (2) fuerzas cortantes; y, (3) deterioro por fatiga, generados por buses interurbanos de eje frontal simple en puentes simplemente apoyados menores y medianos. Se compararon las demandas de momento flector y fuerza cortante antes y después del aumento de peso. Además, se compararon las demandas considerando el peso adicional con los patrones de cargas utilizados en el diseño. Finalmente se realizó un análisis de deterioro y disminución de la vida útil de un puente tipo producto del aumento de peso.
En los tres aspectos evaluados se obtuvieron mínimas variaciones respecto del caso base. Los aumentos porcentuales de la demanda a momento y corte respecto del original fueron en promedio del 2% en los casos más desfavorables. Se determinó que la gran mayoría de buses interurbanos, con excepción de algunos pocos outliers, siguen estando dentro de la demanda de diseño esperada por ambos patrones de carga. Finalmente, el análisis de deterioro entregó que la vida útil del puente tipo evaluado se redujo aproximadamente de un 0,97%, lo que se traduce en alrededor de 9 meses menos de vida útil respecto de los 75 años que se proyectan.
The terrestrial transport of people via interurban buses is of great importance for national connectivity. Due to additional safety measures being required for transport companies, particularly in the bus cabin, the front axle weight of interurban buses could increase by 350 kilograms. The objective of this report is to evaluate the structural effects of this potential increase in front axle weight on bridges, providing relevant information to decision-making authorities. Using data from the Curacaví weighing station, the structural effects were determined in terms of: (1) bending moments; (2) shear forces; and (3) fatigue deterioration, generated by interurban buses with a single front axle on simply supported small and medium-sized bridges. The bending moment and shear force demands were compared before and after the weight increase. Additionally, the demands considering the additional weight were compared with the load patterns used in design. Finally, an analysis was carried out on the deterioration and reduction in service life of a typical bridge as a result of the weight increase. In all three evaluated aspects, minimal variations were observed compared to the baseline case. The percentage increases in moment and shear demand, relative to the original values, averaged 2% in the most unfavorable cases. It was determined that the vast majority of interurban buses, with the exception of a few outliers, remain within the expected design demand for both load patterns. Finally, the deterioration analysis indicated that the service life of the evaluated bridge was reduced by approximately 0.97%, which translates to about 9 months less than the projected 75-year lifespan.
The terrestrial transport of people via interurban buses is of great importance for national connectivity. Due to additional safety measures being required for transport companies, particularly in the bus cabin, the front axle weight of interurban buses could increase by 350 kilograms. The objective of this report is to evaluate the structural effects of this potential increase in front axle weight on bridges, providing relevant information to decision-making authorities. Using data from the Curacaví weighing station, the structural effects were determined in terms of: (1) bending moments; (2) shear forces; and (3) fatigue deterioration, generated by interurban buses with a single front axle on simply supported small and medium-sized bridges. The bending moment and shear force demands were compared before and after the weight increase. Additionally, the demands considering the additional weight were compared with the load patterns used in design. Finally, an analysis was carried out on the deterioration and reduction in service life of a typical bridge as a result of the weight increase. In all three evaluated aspects, minimal variations were observed compared to the baseline case. The percentage increases in moment and shear demand, relative to the original values, averaged 2% in the most unfavorable cases. It was determined that the vast majority of interurban buses, with the exception of a few outliers, remain within the expected design demand for both load patterns. Finally, the deterioration analysis indicated that the service life of the evaluated bridge was reduced by approximately 0.97%, which translates to about 9 months less than the projected 75-year lifespan.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil
Keywords
Transporte interurbano, Puentes, Estabilidad