Herramienta de gestión para la operación de sistemas de suministro de agua desalinizada bajo el enfoque de Demand Side Management usando energía eólica en la zona Centro Sur de Chile.
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Date
2025
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El acceso al agua dulce es una fuente de conflicto en muchas regiones debido a su acceso limitado y el crecimiento demográfico. La necesidad de encontrar soluciones innovadoras y sostenibles es urgente. Actualmente existen técnicas para desalinizar el agua de mar, lo que presenta una alternativa viable, pero los costos pueden ser significativos. Este estudio presenta un modelo de optimización para la gestión eficiente de sistemas de desalinización de agua de mar impulsados por energía eólica en el Centro-Sur de Chile. El modelo, que integra estrategias de gestión de la demanda (DSM por si sigla en inglés), minimiza los costos netos de electricidad ajustando dinámicamente las cargas operativas en función de la disponibilidad de energía eólica y la demanda de agua en tiempo real. En un escenario representativo de verano, se logró un ahorro de costos diario de US$18,64 (una reducción del 4,1%), proyectando un ahorro mensual de US$559,20. Con una generación de energía diaria de 29,02 MWh, las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) se redujeron en un 2,66%, de 3,38 a 3,29 t CO2eq. Un análisis de sensibilidad destaca el papel crucial de la disponibilidad suficiente de energía eólica para una implementación eficaz de DSM. Esta investigación demuestra el potencial significativo de combinar energía eólica y DSM para mejorar la sostenibilidad y la eficiencia de la desalinización, contribuyendo a una gestión más responsable de los recursos hídricos. Este enfoque optimizado podría beneficiar significativamente a las comunidades que enfrentan escasez de agua en la región.
Access to fresh water is a source of conflict in many regions due to limited access and population growth. The need to find innovative and sustainable solutions is urgent. Techniques for desalination of sea water currently exist, which present a viable alternative, but the costs can be significant. This study presents an optimization model for the efficient management of wind-powered seawater desalination systems in central-southern Chile. The model, which integrates demand-side management (DSM) strategies, minimizes net electricity costs by dynamically adjusting operational loads based on real-time wind energy availability and water demand. In a representative summer scenario, a daily cost savings of US$18.64 (a 4.1% reduction) was achieved, projecting a monthly savings of US$559.20. With a daily energy generation of 29.02 MWh, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were reduced by 2.66%, from 3.38 to 3.29 t CO2eq. A sensitivity analysis highlights the crucial role of sufficient wind energy availability for effective DSM implementation. This research demonstrates the significant potential of combining wind energy and DSM to enhance the sustainability and efficiency of desalination, contributing to more responsible water resource management. This optimized approach could significantly benefit communities facing water scarcity in the region.
Access to fresh water is a source of conflict in many regions due to limited access and population growth. The need to find innovative and sustainable solutions is urgent. Techniques for desalination of sea water currently exist, which present a viable alternative, but the costs can be significant. This study presents an optimization model for the efficient management of wind-powered seawater desalination systems in central-southern Chile. The model, which integrates demand-side management (DSM) strategies, minimizes net electricity costs by dynamically adjusting operational loads based on real-time wind energy availability and water demand. In a representative summer scenario, a daily cost savings of US$18.64 (a 4.1% reduction) was achieved, projecting a monthly savings of US$559.20. With a daily energy generation of 29.02 MWh, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were reduced by 2.66%, from 3.38 to 3.29 t CO2eq. A sensitivity analysis highlights the crucial role of sufficient wind energy availability for effective DSM implementation. This research demonstrates the significant potential of combining wind energy and DSM to enhance the sustainability and efficiency of desalination, contributing to more responsible water resource management. This optimized approach could significantly benefit communities facing water scarcity in the region.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Industrial
Keywords
Conversión de aguas salinas, Energía eólica, Sustentabilidad