Papel de las agallas vegetales como sumidero de nutrientes y minerales.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Las agallas vegetales representan estructuras altamente especializadas que alteran la fisiología de las plantas hospederas al actuar como sumideros de nutrientes y minerales. Este estudio, realizado en la Región del Biobío, Chile, investigó las especies Peumus boldus y Aextoxicon punctatum para determinar cómo las agallas modifican la acumulación de carbohidratos, proteínas y minerales en comparación con tejidos sin agallas. La investigación planteó como hipótesis que las agallas concentran mayores niveles de nutrientes y minerales, influenciadas por la disponibilidad en los tejidos hospederos y en el suelo. Se recolectaron y analizaron muestras de tejidos y suelos mediante técnicas espectrofotométricas y de absorción atómica. Los resultados mostraron que las agallas acumulan significativamente más calcio, hierro y zinc, reflejando una intensa reconfiguración metabólica. En P. boldus, las agallas maduras concentraron mayores niveles de almidón y proteínas que los tejidos no afectados. En A. punctatum, aunque la acumulación de metabolitos y minerales fue menos pronunciada, se observaron diferencias notables en los contenidos de hierro y zinc. Este estudio confirma el papel de las agallas como estructuras metabólicamente activas y potenciales sumideros de nutrientes y minerales, destacando su relevancia ecológica y su aplicación en la fitorremediación de suelos contaminados.
Plant galls represent highly specialized structures that alter the physiology of host plants by acting as nutrient and mineral sinks. This study, conducted in the Biobío Region, Chile, investigated the species Peumus boldus and Aextoxicon punctatum to determine how galls modify the accumulation of carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals compared to non-galled tissues. The research suggested that galls concentrate higher levels of nutrients and minerals, influenced by soil availability. Tissue and soil samples were collected and analyzed using spectrophotometric and atomic absorption techniques. The results showed that galls accumulate significantly more calcium, iron, and zinc, reflecting an intense metabolic reconfiguration. In P. boldus, mature galls concentrated higher levels of starch and proteins than unaffected tissues. In A. punctatum, although the accumulation of metabolites and minerals was less pronounced, notable differences were observed in iron and zinc. This study confirms the role of galls as metabolically active structures and potential metal sinks, highlighting their ecological relevance and their application in the phytoremediation of contaminated soils.
Plant galls represent highly specialized structures that alter the physiology of host plants by acting as nutrient and mineral sinks. This study, conducted in the Biobío Region, Chile, investigated the species Peumus boldus and Aextoxicon punctatum to determine how galls modify the accumulation of carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals compared to non-galled tissues. The research suggested that galls concentrate higher levels of nutrients and minerals, influenced by soil availability. Tissue and soil samples were collected and analyzed using spectrophotometric and atomic absorption techniques. The results showed that galls accumulate significantly more calcium, iron, and zinc, reflecting an intense metabolic reconfiguration. In P. boldus, mature galls concentrated higher levels of starch and proteins than unaffected tissues. In A. punctatum, although the accumulation of metabolites and minerals was less pronounced, notable differences were observed in iron and zinc. This study confirms the role of galls as metabolically active structures and potential metal sinks, highlighting their ecological relevance and their application in the phytoremediation of contaminated soils.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero en Biotecnología Vegetal
Keywords
Agallas (Botánica), Nutrientes de las plantas, Boldo