Puntos críticos de control en procesos de exportación de manzanas y sus implicancias
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Date
2023
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El mercado mundial de la manzana se caracteriza por una alta competitividad y una
demanda que se encuentra en constante crecimiento, donde China se posiciona como el mayor productor y exportador en el mundo. En el hemisferio sur, Chile es el principal productor y exportador, con alrededor de 36.205 hectáreas plantadas y una oferta de más de 40 variedades de exportación, destacando ‘Royal Gala’, ‘Richared Delicious’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Gala’ y ‘Tenroy Royal Gala’. Para mantener este nivel de competitividad, los esfuerzos deben enfocarse en ofrecer permanentemente fruta que cumpla con los estándares de calidad y condición, la inocuidad alimentaria y las exigencias fitosanitarias de los mercados. Debido a esto, los puntos críticos de control en los packing de manzanas de exportación son clave para garantizar las exigencias del mercado, debiéndose controlar la correcta ejecución de los procesos, tales como las duchas de recepción, temperaturas en cámaras de guarda, vaciadores clorados, el lavado y enjuague, aplicación de calcio, pre secado, aplicación de fungicida y encerado, y secado. La supervisión en los puntos críticos de control, y la intervención oportuna, permite garantizar el cumplimiento en términos de calidad e inocuidad alimentaria, favoreciendo, a su vez, la confianza del consumidor, la competitividad en el mercado y la optimización de la cadena de suministro.
The global apple market is characterized by its high competitiveness and a growing demand, where China is the largest producer and exporter of the world. In the southern hemisphere, Chile is the main producer and exporter, with around 36,205 hectares and an offer of more than 40 cultivars, including 'Royal Gala', 'Richared Delicious', 'Granny Smith', 'Gala' and 'Tenroy Royal Gala'. To maintain this level of competitiveness, efforts must be focused on permanently offering fruit that meets quality and condition standards, food safety, and phytosanitary requirements of the markets. Due to this, the critical control points in the packing of apples for export are key to guarantee the demands of the market, and the correct execution of the processes must be controlled, such as reception showers, temperatures in storage rooms, chlorinated drains, washing and rinsing, calcium application, pre-drying, fungicide application and waxing, and drying. Supervision at critical control points, and timely intervention, makes it possible to guarantee compliance in terms of quality and food safety, favoring, in turn, consumer confidence, market competitiveness and optimization of the supply chain.
The global apple market is characterized by its high competitiveness and a growing demand, where China is the largest producer and exporter of the world. In the southern hemisphere, Chile is the main producer and exporter, with around 36,205 hectares and an offer of more than 40 cultivars, including 'Royal Gala', 'Richared Delicious', 'Granny Smith', 'Gala' and 'Tenroy Royal Gala'. To maintain this level of competitiveness, efforts must be focused on permanently offering fruit that meets quality and condition standards, food safety, and phytosanitary requirements of the markets. Due to this, the critical control points in the packing of apples for export are key to guarantee the demands of the market, and the correct execution of the processes must be controlled, such as reception showers, temperatures in storage rooms, chlorinated drains, washing and rinsing, calcium application, pre-drying, fungicide application and waxing, and drying. Supervision at critical control points, and timely intervention, makes it possible to guarantee compliance in terms of quality and food safety, favoring, in turn, consumer confidence, market competitiveness and optimization of the supply chain.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Agrónomo
Keywords
Manzanas - Chile, Agroindustrias