Consorcios bacterianos provenientes de abejas melíferas para el control de DWV y Nosema ceranae
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Date
2025
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El virus de las alas deformadas (DWV) y Nosema ceranae son patógenos predominantes en Apis mellifera. Estos, debilitan su sistema inmune y alteran la producción de péptidos antimicrobianos. La flora intestinal de la abeja representa un nicho de lactobacterias, las que favorecen al agente hospedante. Dado esto, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue estudiar el uso de consorcios bacterianos provenientes de abejas melíferas para el control de DWV y Nosema ceranae. Para esto, tres consorcios conformados por lactobacterias (N°3, 6 y 11), aisladas desde el intestino de Apis mellifera, provenientes de las localidades de Los Lagos, Los Ríos – Los Lagos, y Bíobio, respectivamente, fueron suministrados mediante ingesta a las abejas. Se evaluó la supervivencia, carga parasitaria y expresión de péptidos antimicrobianos (AMPs, abaecina y defensina) en abejas infectadas con N. ceranae, inoculadas con DWV, co-infectadas con ambos patógenos y en abejas sanas (control). Los resultados muestran que la sobrevivencia de las abejas es dependiente del consorcio y el estado sanitario. El consorcio 6 redujo significativamente la carga de Nosema ceranae y DWV, incluso en co-infecciones y aumentó la expresión del péptido defensina en abejas infectadas con N. ceranae.
Deformed wing virus and Nosema ceranae are two predominant pathogens in Apis mellifera that weaken the bees immune system an hinder the production of a antimicrobial peptides. The Honey bee’s gut flora constitutes a niche for lactobacteria, and these microbial populations often benefit the host organism. In this study, three bacterial consortia (N°3, 6 and 11), isolated from Apis mellifera specimens collected in Los Lagos, Los Rios – Los Lagos, and Biobío, respectively, were evaluated. Variables such as survival, parasite load, and expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs, Abaecin and Defensin) were analyzed in bees infected with Nosema ceranae, inoculated with DWV, co-infected with both pathogens, and in healthy (control) bees. The results show thath inoculation with bacterial consortia can positively or negatively affect the survival of Apis mellifera, depending on the strains used and the bees health status. Consortium 6 significantly reduced the load of Nosema ceranae and DWV, even in co-infected bees. No effect was observe don the expression of the abaecin gene, but defensin expression increased in bees infected with N. ceranae.
Deformed wing virus and Nosema ceranae are two predominant pathogens in Apis mellifera that weaken the bees immune system an hinder the production of a antimicrobial peptides. The Honey bee’s gut flora constitutes a niche for lactobacteria, and these microbial populations often benefit the host organism. In this study, three bacterial consortia (N°3, 6 and 11), isolated from Apis mellifera specimens collected in Los Lagos, Los Rios – Los Lagos, and Biobío, respectively, were evaluated. Variables such as survival, parasite load, and expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs, Abaecin and Defensin) were analyzed in bees infected with Nosema ceranae, inoculated with DWV, co-infected with both pathogens, and in healthy (control) bees. The results show thath inoculation with bacterial consortia can positively or negatively affect the survival of Apis mellifera, depending on the strains used and the bees health status. Consortium 6 significantly reduced the load of Nosema ceranae and DWV, even in co-infected bees. No effect was observe don the expression of the abaecin gene, but defensin expression increased in bees infected with N. ceranae.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Agrónomo
Keywords
Abejas - Chile, Virus de insectos, Abejas - Enfermedades - Chile