Hongos micorrízicos arbusculares asociados a dos genotipos del género Vitis.
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Date
2026
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Diferentes genotipos del género Vitis sin potencial enológico se utilizan como portainjertos para V. vinífera y pueden desarrollar asociaciones simbióticas con hongos micorrícicos arbusculares (HMA), aportando ventajas adaptativas ambientales y productivas. Sin embargo, la diversidad biológica de estas asociaciones no ha sido estudiada en genotipos de valor patrimonial de Chile bajo condiciones fenológicas contrastantes. El objetivo de este estudio fue documentar, de forma descriptiva, las diferencias entre dos genotipos de Vitis spp. en su capacidad de colonización por HMA según su desarrollo fenológico. Se evaluaron la colonización micorrícica y la densidad de esporas en la rizosfera, correlacionándolas con propiedades del suelo en viñedos del Valle del Itata, Chile, identificándose los genotipos Iona y País. Se observaron variaciones en la colonización (15–90 %) y en la abundancia de esporas (270–1370 por 100 g de suelo seco) en tres etapas fenológicas, identificándose dos órdenes, tres familias, tres géneros y una especie, con predominio del orden Diversisporales.
Different genotypes of the genus Vitis lacking enological potential are used as rootstocks for V. vinifera and can form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), providing environmental and productive adaptive advantages. However, the biological diversity of these associations has not been studied in Chilean patrimonial genotypes under contrasting phenological conditions. The objective of this study was to descriptively document differences between two Vitis spp. genotypes in their capacity for AMF colonization as a function of phenological development. Mycorrhizal colonization and spore density in the rhizosphere were evaluated and correlated with soil properties in vineyards of the Itata Valley, Chile, where the genotypes Iona and País were identified. Variations in colonization (15–90 %) and spore abundance (270–1370 per 100 g of dry soil) were observed across three phenological stages. Two orders, three families, three genera, and one species were identified, with the order Diversisporales predominating.
Different genotypes of the genus Vitis lacking enological potential are used as rootstocks for V. vinifera and can form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), providing environmental and productive adaptive advantages. However, the biological diversity of these associations has not been studied in Chilean patrimonial genotypes under contrasting phenological conditions. The objective of this study was to descriptively document differences between two Vitis spp. genotypes in their capacity for AMF colonization as a function of phenological development. Mycorrhizal colonization and spore density in the rhizosphere were evaluated and correlated with soil properties in vineyards of the Itata Valley, Chile, where the genotypes Iona and País were identified. Variations in colonization (15–90 %) and spore abundance (270–1370 per 100 g of dry soil) were observed across three phenological stages. Two orders, three families, three genera, and one species were identified, with the order Diversisporales predominating.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero/a Agrónomo/a.
Keywords
Hongos micorrizados, Genotipo, Vitivinicultura