Evaluación del nivel de ingesta de hierro y zinc en lactantes que inician la alimentación complementaria según distintos métodos de alimentación.
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Date
2022
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Introducción: Por normativa internacional y nacional se recomienda que la alimentación complementaria se inicie con papillas desde los 6 meses de edad. Hace unos 5 años comenzó a hacerse conocido un nuevo método de alimentación complementaria llamado Baby led weaning (BLW), sin embargo, hay preocupación debido a que este podría no ser suficiente en energía, hierro y zinc. Por esto, investigadores de Nueva Zelanda crearon una versión modificada del BLW, denominado Baby led introduction to solids (BLISS) la cual pone atención a los riesgos que se cree puede tener este método. Objetivo: Analizar el nivel de ingesta de hierro y zinc en lactantes que inician la alimentación complementaria con método Baby led introduction to solids (BLISS), Baby led weaning (BLW) o Alimentación complementaria tradicional (ACT). Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo y Lilacs y se seleccionaron 13 estudios experimentales atingentes al tema publicados entre 2015 y 2020. Resultados: No hubo diferencia significativa en la ingesta de hierro y zinc entre los grupos BLISS y ACT, sin embargo, el grupo BLW sí presentó una ingesta inferior a la de los otros grupos. Conclusión: Los tres métodos de alimentación podrían producir un déficit de hierro, ya que, se observaron ingestas por dejado de los requerimientos según la ingesta dietética de referencia (DRI) sobre todo al inicio de la alimentación complementaria (AC). Con respecto a la ingesta de zinc estas fueron suficientes, sin embargo, las concentraciones de zinc en plasma eran bajas.
Introduction: As a rule, it is recommended that complementary feeding begins with baby food from 6 months of age. About 5 years ago a new complementary feeding method called Baby led weaning (BLW) began to become known, however, there is concern that it may not be enough in energy, iron and zinc. For this reason, New Zealand researchers created a modified version of the BLW, called Baby led introduction to solids (BLISS), which pays attention to the risks that this method is believed to have. Objective: To analyze the level of iron and zinc intake in infants who start complementary feeding with the Baby led introduction to solids (BLISS), Baby led weaning (BLW) or traditional complementary feeding (ACT) methods. Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs databases and 13 experimental studies related to the topic published between 2015 and 2020 were selected. Results: There was no significant difference in iron and zinc intake between the BLISS and ACT groups, however, the BLW group did present a lower intake than the other groups. Conclusion: The three feeding methods could produce an iron deficiency, since intake were observed in excess of the the requirements according to the dietary reference intake (DRI), especially at the beginning of the complementary feeding (AC). Regarding zinc intake, these were sufficient, however, plasma zinc concentrations were low.
Introduction: As a rule, it is recommended that complementary feeding begins with baby food from 6 months of age. About 5 years ago a new complementary feeding method called Baby led weaning (BLW) began to become known, however, there is concern that it may not be enough in energy, iron and zinc. For this reason, New Zealand researchers created a modified version of the BLW, called Baby led introduction to solids (BLISS), which pays attention to the risks that this method is believed to have. Objective: To analyze the level of iron and zinc intake in infants who start complementary feeding with the Baby led introduction to solids (BLISS), Baby led weaning (BLW) or traditional complementary feeding (ACT) methods. Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs databases and 13 experimental studies related to the topic published between 2015 and 2020 were selected. Results: There was no significant difference in iron and zinc intake between the BLISS and ACT groups, however, the BLW group did present a lower intake than the other groups. Conclusion: The three feeding methods could produce an iron deficiency, since intake were observed in excess of the the requirements according to the dietary reference intake (DRI), especially at the beginning of the complementary feeding (AC). Regarding zinc intake, these were sufficient, however, plasma zinc concentrations were low.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Nutricionista.
Keywords
Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales del Lactante, Hierro, Zinc