Análisis de factibilidad operativa en la implementación de camiones eléctricos vs diésel en un nivel de transporte intermedio mediante simulación en el software Jaamsim.
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Date
2024
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La industria minera actual se esfuerza constantemente por optimizar sus procesos a lo largo de las operaciones mineras, ya que esto resulta crucial para lograr resultados exitosos en la extracción de minerales. Por ello, se exploran diversas estrategias para mejorar las operaciones en cada etapa, con el objetivo de incrementar la productividad utilizando de manera eficiente los recursos disponibles.
Una herramienta fundamental en la actualidad para abordar este desafío es la simulación de procesos mineros, la cual facilita la implementación de distintas metodologías para llevar a cabo estas tareas de forma digital a lo largo de la vida útil de una mina. Esto permite analizar las consecuencias, tanto positivas como negativas, de las variaciones propuestas, evitando así posibles pérdidas y encontrando soluciones óptimas para diversos problemas.
En este contexto, se llevó a cabo la simulación de un desarrollo minero que incluye un nivel de producción y un nivel de transporte intermedio, donde se realizaron pruebas con sistemas que emplean diversas flotas de camiones de bajo perfil, tanto eléctricos como diésel. Este modelo se creó utilizando el software de simulación minera Jaamsim, el cual ofrece herramientas para diseñar un sistema que refleje de manera precisa la realidad, garantizando la fiabilidad y precisión de los resultados obtenidos.
Tras la construcción del modelo de simulación y la extracción de datos relacionados con la producción, los costos y las inversiones, se llevó a cabo un análisis de viabilidad económica comparando la implementación de camiones eléctricos frente a los diésel. Los resultados revelaron que los camiones diésel ofrecían una ventaja económica significativa debido a sus características, superando ampliamente en términos de rentabilidad a los camiones eléctricos. A pesar de que se identificaron ciertas ventajas en los camiones eléctricos, estas no fueron suficientes para competir con la eficiencia económica de los camiones diésel.
The current mining industry is constantly trying to optimize and develop itself throughout mining work, which is crucial when it comes to obtain favorable results at exploiting mining resources. For this reason, the industry is searching different methods to improve its tasks in plenty of processes by performing them optimally in order to be able to produce more with fewer resources. Nowadays, mining process simulation becomes a decisive tool to approach this kind of goals, which helps to implement a variety of ways of performing these tasks digitally throughout mine life. Thus, repercussions produced by these variations could be analyzed weather they were either positive or negative. It is not necessary to make these changes in reality, avoiding possible losses and finding optimal solutions for different problems. However, a mining development simulation was performed instead, which includes a production and an intermediate transportation level. Regarding transportation, performing system tests allow us to introduce several fleets of low profile trucks, both electric and diesel. This model was built on the Jaamsim mining simulation software, which used tools to model a system that works closely as possible to reality for better reliability and precision in the results. After model simulation building and extracting data such as production, cost and investment, a later economic feasibility analysis between the implementation of electric and diesel trucks was performed. It concluded in a better economic result for diesel trucks due to a significant difference in the amount of profit thanks to their characteristics. Although electric trucks were favorable, they were not favorable enough to overcome diesel trucks.
The current mining industry is constantly trying to optimize and develop itself throughout mining work, which is crucial when it comes to obtain favorable results at exploiting mining resources. For this reason, the industry is searching different methods to improve its tasks in plenty of processes by performing them optimally in order to be able to produce more with fewer resources. Nowadays, mining process simulation becomes a decisive tool to approach this kind of goals, which helps to implement a variety of ways of performing these tasks digitally throughout mine life. Thus, repercussions produced by these variations could be analyzed weather they were either positive or negative. It is not necessary to make these changes in reality, avoiding possible losses and finding optimal solutions for different problems. However, a mining development simulation was performed instead, which includes a production and an intermediate transportation level. Regarding transportation, performing system tests allow us to introduce several fleets of low profile trucks, both electric and diesel. This model was built on the Jaamsim mining simulation software, which used tools to model a system that works closely as possible to reality for better reliability and precision in the results. After model simulation building and extracting data such as production, cost and investment, a later economic feasibility analysis between the implementation of electric and diesel trucks was performed. It concluded in a better economic result for diesel trucks due to a significant difference in the amount of profit thanks to their characteristics. Although electric trucks were favorable, they were not favorable enough to overcome diesel trucks.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título profesional de Ingeniero Civil en Minas
Keywords
Carros eléctricos para la industria, Vehículos de motor, Simulación por computadores