Evaluación de la fauna vertebrada terrestre en bosques nativos y de exóticas asilvestradas en el Parque Nacional Nonguén.
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La actual crisis ecológica y el acelerado declive de la biodiversidad, impulsada por la alta demanda de recursos antropogénicos, han provocado la degradación de ecosistemas y pérdida de comunidades biológicas que tardaron millones de años en desarrollarse. El Parque Nacional Nonguén, por años afectado por procesos de degradación y pérdida de bosque nativo, es una de las pocas áreas protegidas del Estado que aún resguarda altos niveles de endemismos y diversidad. Sin embargo, poco se sabe del impacto que ha generado la invasión de especies exóticas sobre las comunidades de fauna vertebrada terrestre en esta unidad. Por esto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la comunidad faunística de bosques nativos y exóticas asilvestradas y su relación con atributos ecosistémicos de estas comunidades boscosas. Se realizó la sistematización y análisis de cámaras trampa a través del software CameraSweet, además de la caracterización de ecosistemas mediante índices estructurales y composicionales.
Los resultados demostraron que, si bien la mayor detección y diversidad de aves y mamíferos registrados se asociaron a ecosistemas de bosque autóctono con mayor complejidad ecosistémica, determinados grupos de especies más tolerantes a la degradación y perdida de hábitat son capaces de utilizar ecosistemas dominados por exóticas asilvestradas, siendo beneficiadas de éste. Por lo que, la mejora en la gestión de estas áreas, particularmente mediante el desarrollo de sotobosque, complejidad estructural y multiplicidad de estratos, podría desempeñar un papel fundamental para la vida silvestre.
The current ecological crisis and the accelerated decline of biodiversity, driven by the high demand for anthropogenic resources, have led to the degradation of ecosystems and the loss of biological communities that took millions of years to develop. Nonguén National Park, affected for years by degradation processes and loss of native forest, is one of the few state protected areas that still preserves high levels of endemism and diversity. However, little is known about the impact of the invasion of exotic species on the terrestrial vertebrate communities of this unit. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the faunal community of native and feral exotic forests and its relationship with the ecosystem attributes of these forest communities. The systematization and analysis of the camera traps was carried out using CameraSweet software, in addition to the characterization of the ecosystems through structural and compositional indices. The results showed that, although the highest detection and diversity of birds and mammals recorded was associated with native forest ecosystems with higher ecosystem complexity, certain groups of species more tolerant to habitat degradation and loss are able to use ecosystems dominated by feral exotics, benefiting from it. Thus, improved management of these areas, particularly through the development of understory, structural complexity and multi-layered complexity, could play a key role for wildlife.
The current ecological crisis and the accelerated decline of biodiversity, driven by the high demand for anthropogenic resources, have led to the degradation of ecosystems and the loss of biological communities that took millions of years to develop. Nonguén National Park, affected for years by degradation processes and loss of native forest, is one of the few state protected areas that still preserves high levels of endemism and diversity. However, little is known about the impact of the invasion of exotic species on the terrestrial vertebrate communities of this unit. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the faunal community of native and feral exotic forests and its relationship with the ecosystem attributes of these forest communities. The systematization and analysis of the camera traps was carried out using CameraSweet software, in addition to the characterization of the ecosystems through structural and compositional indices. The results showed that, although the highest detection and diversity of birds and mammals recorded was associated with native forest ecosystems with higher ecosystem complexity, certain groups of species more tolerant to habitat degradation and loss are able to use ecosystems dominated by feral exotics, benefiting from it. Thus, improved management of these areas, particularly through the development of understory, structural complexity and multi-layered complexity, could play a key role for wildlife.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniera en Conservación de Recursos Naturales
Keywords
Fauna, Concepción, Habitat animal