Actividad insecticida in vitro de un extracto hidroalcohólico de sustratos residuales de la producción de Pleurotus Ostreatus
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Date
2025
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El uso de insecticidas para el control de plagas debido a su uso irracional ha provocado el desarrollo de resistencia además de afectar organismos benéficos y causar daño ambiental. Lo anterior ha llevado a la búsqueda de nuevos compuestos con actividad insecticida de origen natural. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la actividad insecticida de contacto, fumigante y repelencia de un extracto hidroalcohólico de residuos de producción de Pleurotus ostreatus contra Musca domestica. Los resultados indicaron que el extracto no presentó actividad insecticida significativa en los bioensayos de toxicidad por contacto (1,33 % de mortalidad) y fumigante (0 % de mortalidad). Sin embargo, al evaluar la repelencia sobre adultos de mosca doméstica se observó un porcentaje de repelencia superior a 50 % en todas las concentraciones evaluadas (5 %, 10 % 20 %, 40 % v/v). Los resultados mostraron una relación directa con el aumento de la concentración del extracto y la actividad repelente. Del estudio realizado se concluyó que el extracto de residuos de producción P. Ostreatus posee actividad repelente y que se debe seguir explorando estas propiedades a partir de los residuos de la producción, incluyendo a futuro la identificación de los compuestos activos con el fin de descifrar el mecanismo de acción y desarrollar un potencial método de control sustentable y sostenible.
The use of insecticides for pest control, due to their irrational misuse, has led to the development of resistance, as well as the impact on beneficial organisms and environmental damage. This has driven the search for new compounds with insecticidal activity of natural origin. This study aimed to evaluate the contact, fumigant, and repellent insecticidal activity of a hydroalcoholic extract from production residues of Pleurotus ostreatus against Musca domestica. The results indicated that the extract did not show significant insecticidal activity in the contact (1,33 % mortality) and fumigant (0 % mortality) bioassays. However, when assessing repellency against adult houseflies, a repellency percentage greater than 50 % was observed at all tested concentrations (5 %, 10 %, 20 %, 40 % v/v). The results showed a direct relationship between the increase in extract concentration and repellent activity. Based on the study, it was concluded that the extract from P. ostreatus production residues possesses repellent activity, and further exploration of these properties is warranted, including future identification of the active compounds to decipher their mechanism of action and develop a potential sustainable and environmentally friendly control method.
The use of insecticides for pest control, due to their irrational misuse, has led to the development of resistance, as well as the impact on beneficial organisms and environmental damage. This has driven the search for new compounds with insecticidal activity of natural origin. This study aimed to evaluate the contact, fumigant, and repellent insecticidal activity of a hydroalcoholic extract from production residues of Pleurotus ostreatus against Musca domestica. The results indicated that the extract did not show significant insecticidal activity in the contact (1,33 % mortality) and fumigant (0 % mortality) bioassays. However, when assessing repellency against adult houseflies, a repellency percentage greater than 50 % was observed at all tested concentrations (5 %, 10 %, 20 %, 40 % v/v). The results showed a direct relationship between the increase in extract concentration and repellent activity. Based on the study, it was concluded that the extract from P. ostreatus production residues possesses repellent activity, and further exploration of these properties is warranted, including future identification of the active compounds to decipher their mechanism of action and develop a potential sustainable and environmentally friendly control method.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniera Agrónoma
Keywords
Hongo ostra, Etanol, Insecticidas