Comparación de índices de calidad de agua usando tres distintas metodologías con apoyo de un sistema de información geográfica
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Date
2006
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El siguiente estudio utiliza parámetros bacteriológicos y químicos del Canal Matriz Laja-Diguillín y de otros dos puntos cercanos para comparar tres diferentes metodologías de estimación de Índices de Calidad de Agua: (1) Ponderación de parámetros; (2) Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment (CCME) y (3) Cumplimiento de normativa. Los Índices de Calidad de Agua obtenidos fueron integrados en un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) administrado mediante el software Arcview 3.2 ®. Esto permitió la visualización de la calidad del agua de los puntos en análisis. De la comparación de las metodologías para estimar la calidad de agua se puede concluir que la más representativa es la Cumplimiento de normativa dado que en este caso particular sólo el parámetro Coliformes Fecales sobrepasa la NCh 1333Of78 (Requisitos de calidad del agua para diferentes usos). Lo anterior no implica que en otro estudio de análisis de calidad de agua, sea siempre ésta la adecuada. Para estimar cuál es la metodología apropiada en estudios de calidad de agua es preciso conocer factores tales como: tipo de información disponible, uso del agua y costos asociados. Dado lo anterior, se plantea que en un análisis de calidad de agua debe existir un compromiso entre el nivel de información, la metodología y el objetivo del estudio.
The following study utilizes bacteriological and chemical parameters from the Laja-Diguillin channel and other 2 points to compare 3 different methodologies for the estimation of water quality indexes: (1) weighted parameters; (2) Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment (CCME) and (3) Comply with Regulation. The water quality indexes were integrated on a Geographic Information System (SIG) administrated by the software Arcview 3.2. allowing the visualization of the water quality indexes on the analysis points. From the comparison of the methodologies to estimate water quality indexes, is posible to conclude that the most representative is the current regulation. For this particular case only the parameter “Coliformes Fecales” gets above the NCh 1333of78 (Requirements of water quality for different usages). The previous conclusion does not imply that in other study of water analysis, this methodology (regulation compliance) will always be the most adequate. To estimate what is the most appropriated methodology to use in studies of water quality it is necessary to know factors like: type of information available, water usage and associated costs. In a water quality analysis it is necessary a balance between the level of information, the methodology and the objective of the study.
The following study utilizes bacteriological and chemical parameters from the Laja-Diguillin channel and other 2 points to compare 3 different methodologies for the estimation of water quality indexes: (1) weighted parameters; (2) Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment (CCME) and (3) Comply with Regulation. The water quality indexes were integrated on a Geographic Information System (SIG) administrated by the software Arcview 3.2. allowing the visualization of the water quality indexes on the analysis points. From the comparison of the methodologies to estimate water quality indexes, is posible to conclude that the most representative is the current regulation. For this particular case only the parameter “Coliformes Fecales” gets above the NCh 1333of78 (Requirements of water quality for different usages). The previous conclusion does not imply that in other study of water analysis, this methodology (regulation compliance) will always be the most adequate. To estimate what is the most appropriated methodology to use in studies of water quality it is necessary to know factors like: type of information available, water usage and associated costs. In a water quality analysis it is necessary a balance between the level of information, the methodology and the objective of the study.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Calidad agua, Software Arcview 3.2