Factores que favorecen y dificultan el sentido de pertenencia en estudiantes universitarios: una revisión desde la convivencia universitaria.
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Date
2026
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La convivencia universitaria es fundamental para el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes de educación superior, debido a su influencia en los procesos de integración social, bienestar, participación y permanencia académica. El objetivo de este estudio fue sintetizar críticamente la evidencia científica disponible sobre los factores asociados a la convivencia universitaria que favorecen o dificultan la construcción del sentido de pertenencia en estudiantes universitarios. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática basada en la declaración PRISMA, considerando estudios publicados entre 2016 y 2026 en las bases de datos de Scopus y Web of Science (WoS), dando un total de 198 estudios que tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión fueron seleccionados 12 artículos para el análisis. Los resultados evidenciaron que las relaciones entre pares, el apoyo docente y la percepción de un clima institucional inclusivo favorecen el sentido de pertenencia, mientras que la discriminación, el aislamiento y las desigualdades dificultan su desarrollo.
University coexistence is fundamental to the holistic development of higher education students, due to its influence on processes of social integration, well-being, participation, and academic persistence. The objective of this study was to critically synthesize the available scientific evidence on the factors associated with the university social environment that facilitate or hinder the development of a sense of belonging among university students. To this end, a systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA statement, considering studies published between 2016 and 2026 in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. A total of 198 studies were initially identified; after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were selected for analysis. The results showed that peer relationships, teacher support, and the perception of an inclusive institutional climate foster students’ sense of belonging, while discrimination, isolation, and inequalities hinder its development.
University coexistence is fundamental to the holistic development of higher education students, due to its influence on processes of social integration, well-being, participation, and academic persistence. The objective of this study was to critically synthesize the available scientific evidence on the factors associated with the university social environment that facilitate or hinder the development of a sense of belonging among university students. To this end, a systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA statement, considering studies published between 2016 and 2026 in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. A total of 198 studies were initially identified; after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were selected for analysis. The results showed that peer relationships, teacher support, and the perception of an inclusive institutional climate foster students’ sense of belonging, while discrimination, isolation, and inequalities hinder its development.
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Tesis presentada para optar al título de profesor de Educación General Básica con Mención en Matemática y Ciencias naturales.